Zalutschia Lipina 1939

• Main Authors: Chamutiová, Tímea, Hamerlík, Ladislav, Bitušík, Peter
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2020
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Chironomidae; Zalutschia; Zalutschia mucronata; Arctic; Canada
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396894; https://zenodo.org/record/4396894

Zalutschia Lipina (Figs 70, 71) Head capsule yellow with brown occipital margin. Antenna with 6 segments, sixth segment vestigial. Premandible bifid apically with one inner tooth. Apical mandibular tooth shorter than combined width of 3 inner teeth. Mentum usually dark with double median tooth and 6 pairs of lateral teeth, first lateral reduced, occasionally with 2–3 light coloured median teeth and first and sixth lateral teeth reduced. Ventromental plates well developed extending beyond mentum with fine beard. Remarks: Zalutschia is a distinctive genus. It resembles Hydrobaenus which has similar shape of mentum however without beard. Zalutschia may be confused with Psectrocladius due to distinct ventromental plates and beard, however mentum of Psectrocladius has only five lateral teeth. Zalutschia tatrica (Pagast, 1935) is considered to be typical inhabitant of small, acidified Tatra Mts. lakes (Bitušík et al . 2006a; Kownacki 2011). Recently, larvae belonging to tornetraeskensis species group were found (Novikmec et al . 2015). Subfossil Zalutschia remains were recorded from small number, mostly acidified lakes. Two morphotypes were recognized. Key to morphotypes: 1 Mandible and mentum lighter than occipital margin; outermost mental tooth reduced in size; third inner mandibular tooth not significantly smaller than second tooth............................................... Zalutschia mucronata - type - Mandible and mentum darker than occipital margin; outermost mental tooth not significantly reduced; first and second mandibular teeth subequal in size, third tooth markedly smaller....................................... Zalutschia type B Zalutschia mucronata - type (Fig. 70) Head capsule light brown, occipital margin dark brown. Teeth of mandible and mentum lighter than occipital margin. Outermost mental tooth reduced in size. Inner mandibular teeth decreasing in size, third inner tooth not significantly smaller than second tooth. Head capsules with preserved antenna can be identified further: longer blade than flagellum (Fig. 70A) indicates Z. tatrica (see Saether 1976, Bitušík 2000). Zalutschia type B (Fig. 71) This morphotype corresponds to Zalutschia type B sensu Brooks et al . (2007), however, Medeiros & Quinlan (2011) pointed out conflicts of this morphotype with numerous other publications and suggest to refere to it as Zalutschia lingulata pauca - type. Head capsule yellow, occipital margin light brown. Teeth of mandible and mentum strongly pigmented, darker than occipital margin. Outermost mental tooth not significantly reduced. Mandible with first and second teeth subequal in size, third tooth markedly smaller. Basal antennal segment longer than flagellum (length of blade unknown, but larvae with long basal antennal segment have blade at most as long as flagellum, see Saether 1976). Zalutschia mucronata - type (Fig. 70) Head capsule light brown, occipital margin dark brown. Teeth of mandible and mentum lighter than occipital margin. Outermost mental tooth reduced in size. Inner mandibular teeth decreasing in size, third inner tooth not significantly smaller than second tooth. Head capsules with preserved antenna can be identified further: longer blade than flagellum (Fig. 70A) indicates Z. tatrica (see Saether 1976, Bitušík 2000). Zalutschia type B (Fig. 71) This morphotype corresponds to Zalutschia type B sensu Brooks et al . (2007), however, Medeiros & Quinlan (2011) pointed out conflicts of this morphotype with numerous other publications and suggest to refere to it as Zalutschia lingulata pauca - type. Head capsule yellow, occipital margin light brown. Teeth of mandible and mentum strongly pigmented, darker than occipital margin. Outermost mental tooth not significantly reduced. Mandible with first and second teeth subequal in size, third tooth markedly smaller. Basal antennal segment longer than flagellum (length of blade unknown, but larvae with long basal antennal segment have blade at most as long as flagellum, see Saether 1976). : Published as part of Chamutiová, Tímea, Hamerlík, Ladislav & Bitušík, Peter, 2020, Subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) of lakes in the Tatra Mountains an illustrated guide, pp. 216-264 in Zootaxa 4819 (2) on page 246, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4819.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4396828 : {"references": ["Bitusik, P., Svitok, M., Kolosta, P. & Hubkova, M. (2006 a) Classification of the Tatra Mountains lakes (Slovakia) using chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae). Biologia, 61 (18), 191 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / s 11756 - 006 - 0131 - 8", "Kownacki, A. (2011) Significance and conservation of Chironomidae (Diptera, Insecta) in aquatic ecosystems of Poland (Znac- zenie i ochrona Chironomidae (Diptera, Insecta) w ekosystemach wodnych Polski). Forum Faunistyczne, 1 (1), 4 - 11. [in Polish with English Summary]", "Novikmec, M., Veselska, M., Bitusik, P., Hamerlik, L., Matusova, Z., Klementova, B. R. & Svitok, M. (2015) Checklist of ben- thic macroinvertebrates of high altitude ponds of the Tatra Mountains (Central Europe) with new records of two species for Slovakia. Check List, 11 (1), 1522. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 11.1.1522", "Saether, O. A. (1976) Revision of Hydrobaenus, Trissocladius, Zalutschia, Paratrissocladius, and some related genera (Diptera: Chironomidae). Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 195, 1 - 287.", "Bitusik, P. (2000) Prirucka na urcovanie lariev pakomarov (Diptera. Chironomidae) Slovenska. Cast I. Buchonomyinae, Diamesinae, Prodiamesinae a Orthocladiinae. Vydavatelstvo Technickej Univerzity vo Zvolene, Zvolene, 133 pp. [in Slo- vak]", "Brooks, S. J., Langdon, P. G. & Heiri, O. (2007) The Identification and Use of Palaearctic Chironomidae Larvae in Palaeoecology. QRA Technical Guide No. 10. QRA, London, 276 pp.", "Medeiros, A. S. & Quinlan, R. (2011) The distribution of the Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) along multiple environmental gradients in lakes and ponds of the eastern Canadian Arctic. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 68 (9), 1511 - 1527. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / f 2011 - 076"]}