Halirages Boeck 1871

• Main Author: D'Acoz, Cédric D'Udekem
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2012
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Malacostraca; Amphipoda; Calliopiidae; Halirages; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Baffin Bay; Greenland; Pacific; North Pole; Spence; Hayes; Breaker; Smith Sound; Christiania; Gronland; Sedov; Shiver; Ohlin; Arktis*; Baffin; Northern Sea Route; Smith sound
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3858769; https://zenodo.org/record/3858769

Genus Halirages Boeck, 1871 Halirages Boeck, 1871: 114. Halirages – Boeck 1876: 337. — G.O. Sars 1893: 435. — Stebbing 1906: 290. — Stephensen 1931: 263. — Gurjanova 1951: 605. — Barnard 1969: 177. — Bousfield 1973: 80. — Barnard & Karaman 1991: 322. — Bousfield & Hendrycks 1997: 45. Halirhages – Stuxberg 1880: 23, 27, 28, 47, 68 (erroneous spelling). Etymology The name derivation as proposed by Boeck (1876: 337) is: 'άλς (hav) [= sea, ocean], ρήγνύμι (bryder) [= breaker]'. A more accurate derivation would be: άλς = salt (noun) [prefix άλι- = related to the sea (which is salted)], ρήγνύμι = to break, to break asunder, to shiver, to shatter (verb). Gender Halirages is considered as masculine in older literature, but often as feminine in recent faunistic papers. There is no apparent reason for this change and the issue needs clarification. The second part of the name is a (very liberal) derivation from the Greek (see section etymology), so this case should be decided under Article 30.1 of ICZN (1999), which concerns the gender of names formed from Latin or Greek words. Article 30.1.4.2. states that a genus-group name that is or ends in a word of common or variable gender (as it is the case of words ending in -es) is to be treated as masculine unless its author, when establishing the name, stated that it is feminine or treated it as feminine in combination with an adjectival speciesgroup name. Since Boeck (1871) gave masculine adjectival names to H. bispinosus (Spence Bate, 1857), H. tridentatus Bruzelius, 1859 and H. fulvocinctus (M. Sars, 1859) (and an adjectival name, which can be either masculine or feminine to H. borealis Boeck, 1871), Halirages should be treated as masculine. Type species Amphithoë fulvocincta M. Sars, 1859, designated by Boeck (1876: 337). Composition Halirages caecus Kamenskaya, 1980; H. cainae sp. nov.; H. fulvocinctus (M. Sars, 1859) (= H. tricuspis Stimpson, 1863, = H. bispinosus Stephensen, 1917); H. gorbunovi Gurjanova, 1946; H. mixtus Stephensen, 1931; H. nilssoni Ohlin, 1895; H. qvadridentatus G.O. Sars, 1877; H. stappersi sp. nov. There is also a Halirhages [ sic. ] maculatus Stuxberg, 1880, which is a nomen nudum (Stuxberg 1880, 1882). Description Body gammaromorphic, compressed. Rostrum small; anterior lobe of head not acute, posteriorly followed by narrow sinus; ventral lobe of head medium-sized, pointing forward, neither serrate nor crenulate, acute (most species) or rounded ( H. mixtus ). Eyes variable in shape, with ommatidia welldeveloped to indistinct, said to be absent in some deep-sea species. Antennae subequal, flagella long, peduncular articles of antenna 1 progressively shorter; article 1 of primary flagellum ordinary, accessory flagellum absent; calceoli present in adult males. Upper lip entire, sub-rounded, broader than long, epistome unproduced. Lower lip with inner lobes present, of variable development. Mandible: molar triturative, striated, columnar; articles 2 and 3 of palp slender; article 3 of palp as long as article 2, with posterior border regularly concave and lined by row of setae on distal 0.8, with or without proximal transverse row of setae. Maxilla 1: inner plate with 8-10 setae; outer plate with 8-10 spines; palp long, asymmetrical: left article 2 with row of long styliform marginal spines and margino-facial setae; right article 2 with row of stout conical marginal spines (more or less fused with article 2), with 2 longer anterodistal freely articulated spines, with margino-facial row of setae. Maxilla 2: plates narrow; inner plate neither broader nor longer than outer plate, with facial row of setae and with medial row of setae. Maxilliped with inner and outer plates broad and subequal; palp of 4 articles, article 4 shorter than article 3. Coxae of pereiopods medium-sized, ordinary in shape, coxa 1 slightly produced anteriorly or not produced, coxa 4 posteriorly excavate. Gnathopods alike, similar in both sexes, subchelate, feeble; carpus and propodus narrow (or at least not broad); carpus without posterior lobe, with numerous long posterior setae; palm oblique; dactylus toothed along inner margin. Pereiopods 3-7 ordinary, slender; dactyli long, without spines or setae. Epimeron 3 posteriorly serrate, either rounded or angular. Uropods 1-2: outer ramus shorter than inner ramus; rami marginally spiny and terminated by 4 spines. Uropod 3 large, with peduncle elongate, with rami spinose/setose on both sides, lanceolate, subequal, or inner ramus slightly longer than outer one. Telson elongate (less in H. mixtus than in other species), pointed or emarginate, with or without lateral subdistal teeth. Distribution Arctic and sub-Arctic Seas; 0-3530 m. Remarks The species accepted in Halirages are the two new species described herein and those included by Barnard & Karaman (1991). The latter authors transferred Halirages bungei Gurjanova, 1951 to Paracalliopella Tzvetkova & Kudrjaschov, 1975, H. megalops (Buchholz, 1874) to Apherusa Walker, 1891, and H. huxleyanus (Spence Bate, 1862), H. batei (Cunningham, 1871) and H. regis (Stebbing, 1914) to Austroregia Barnard, 1989. Stephensen (1931) pointed out that the borderline between the genera Halirages and Apherusa is fuzzy. His remark remains more pertinent than ever, and a more consistent delimitation and definition of Arctic and sub-Arctic calliopiid genera would be more than welcome. : Published as part of D'Acoz, Cédric D'Udekem, 2012, On the genus Halirages (Crustacea, Amphipoda), with the description of two new species from Scandinavia and Arctic Europe, pp. 1-32 in European Journal of Taxonomy 7 on pages 3-5, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2012.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3857937 : {"references": ["Boeck A. 1871. Crustacea amphipoda borealia et arctica. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania, for 1870: 83 - 280, i-viii. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2056", "Boeck A. 1876. De skandinaviske og arktiske amphipoder. Andet Hefte [= Volume 2]. A. W. Brogger, Christiania. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1099", "Stebbing T. R. R. 1906. Das Tierreich 21. I. Gammaridea. Amphipoda. Verlag von R. Friedlander und Sohn, Berlin.", "Stephensen K. 1931. Crustacea Malacostraca. VII. (Amphipoda. III). The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 3 (11): 179 - 290.", "Gurjanova E. F. 1951. Amphipods of the seas of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent waters (Amphipoda - Gammaridea). Fauna of USSR 41 (in Russian).", "Barnard J. L. 1969. The families and genera of marine gammaridean Amphipoda. United States National Museum Bulletin 271: 1 - 535.", "Bousfield E. L. 1973. Shallow-water Gammaridean Amphipoda of New England. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.", "Barnard J. L. & Karaman G. S. 1991. The families and genera of Marine Gammaridean Amphipoda (Except Marine Gammaroids). Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 13: 1 - 866. Part. 1. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.13.1991.91 Part. 2. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.13.1991.367", "Bousfield E. L. & Hendrycks E. A. 1997. The amphipod superfamily Eusiroidea in the North American Pacific region II. Family Calliopiidae. Systematics and distributional ecology. Amphipacifica 2 (3): 3 - 66.", "Stuxberg A. 1880. Evertebratfaunan i Sibiriens Ishaf. Forelopande studier grundade pa de zoologiska undersokningarna under Prof. A. E. Nordenskjolds Ishafsexpedition 1878 - 79. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 5 (22): 1 - 76.", "ICZN (International Commission on zoological nomenclature) 1999. International code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, the Natural History Museum, London.", "Sars M. 1859. Oversigt over de i den norskarctiske region forekommende krebsdyr. Forhandlingar i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Kristiania 1858: 122 - 163.", "Kamenskaya O. E. 1980. Deep sea Amphipoda (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) collected from the drifting station ' North-Pole 22 ': In: Vinogradov M. E. & Melnikov I. A. (eds), Biology of the central Arctic Basins: 241 - 250 (in Russian). Nauk Moskva, Moscow.", "Stimpson W. M. 1863. Synopsis of the Marine Invertebrata collected by the late Arctic Expedition, under Dr. I. I. Hayes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1863 15: 138 - 142.", "Stephensen K. 1917. Zoogeographical investigation of certain fjords in Southern Greenland, with special reference to Crustacea, Pycnogonida and Echinodermata including a list of Alcyonaria and Pisces. Meddelelser om GrOnland 53: 231 - 378.", "Gurjanova E. F. 1946. New species of Isopoda and Amphipoda from the Arctic Ocean. Transactions of the Drifting Expedition of the Main Administration of the Northern Sea Route on the Icebreaker \" Sedov \", 1937 - 1940 3: 272 - 297 (in Russian).", "Ohlin A. 1895. Bidrag till kannedomen om malakostrakfaunan i Baffin Bay och Smith Sound. Acta Regiae Societatis Physiographicae Lundensis, n. f. [= new series] 31.", "Sars G. O. 1877. Prodromus descriptionis crustaceorum et pycnogonidarum, qvae in expeditione Norvegica anno 1876, observavit. Archiv for Mathematik og Naturvidenskab 2: 337 - 271 [sic.] [= 237 - 271].", "Stuxberg A. 1882. Evertebratfaunan i Sibiriens Ishaf. Vega-Expeditionens Vetenskapliga Iakttagelser Bearbetade af Deltagare i Resan och Andra Forsakere 1: 677 - 812."]}