Hydroides dianthus
Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873) Figs 4C, 5 Serpula dianthus Verrill, 1873: 620 (type locality: New Jersey to Massachusetts, United States). Serpula hexagona Bosc, 1801: 205 (type locality: Charleston, South Carolina, United States; on oyster shells). — Zibrowius 1971: 697, 699 (name indeterminabl...
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Annelida Polychaeta Sabellida Serpulidae Hydroides Hydroides dianthus |
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Annelida Polychaeta Sabellida Serpulidae Hydroides Hydroides dianthus Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando McCANN, Linda D. Keppel, Erica Ruiz, Gregory M. Hydroides dianthus |
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Annelida Polychaeta Sabellida Serpulidae Hydroides Hydroides dianthus |
description |
Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873) Figs 4C, 5 Serpula dianthus Verrill, 1873: 620 (type locality: New Jersey to Massachusetts, United States). Serpula hexagona Bosc, 1801: 205 (type locality: Charleston, South Carolina, United States; on oyster shells). — Zibrowius 1971: 697, 699 (name indeterminable; the tube description does not match H. dianthus , but records on the US east coast are misidentified and really belong to H. dianthus ). — Read et al . 2016: 22–23 (name no longer in use and representing a species inquirenda ). Hydroides (Eupomatus) dianthoides Augener, 1922: 49–50 (specimens from Veracruz, eastern Mexico; partial synonymy). Serpula dianthus – Treadwell 1891: 276 –280 (Long Island, New York; anatomy and histology). — Wilson 1905: 119 and table (fossil records from Pleistocene of Sankaty Head, Nantucket, Massachusetts; abundant tubes). — Oldale et al. 1982: fig. 5 (same). Eupomatus dianthus – Richards 1933: 198 and table (fossil records from Cape May Formation, an interglacial warm stage from New Jersey). — Hartman 1945: 48, pl. 10, fig. 1 (North Carolina; under stones, shell fragments); 1951: 118–119 (Southwestern Florida, Louisiana, South Texas; intertidal, snail shell, rocks). — Rioja 1958: 260 –262 (Sacrificios and Verde Islands, Veracruz, eastern Mexico; on rocks, mollusk shells, corals and ship hulls). — Wells & Wells 1961: 152, 154–155, Beaufort, off Portsmouth Island and Pamlico Sound, North Carolina; 3.5–11 m, salinity 15–25‰; associated with the gastropod Fargoa dianthophila (Wells & Wells, 1961) (previously in the genus Odostomia ). — Wells & Gray 1964: 74 (Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; hard substrates). — Wells & Wells 1969: 109 – 110 (North Carolina; Buzzard’s Bay, Massachusetts; Panama City, Alligator Harbor and Cedar Key, Florida; associated with F. dianthophila ). Hydroides dianthus – Webster & Benedict 1884: 737 (Massachusetts; intertidal, on shells). — Benedict 1887: 549, pl. 20, fig. 10 (Chesapeake Bay; on living oysters, shells and stones). — Cushman 1906: 9 (fossil records from Pleistocene of Sankoty Head, Nantucket).— Roberge 1968:145 (Buzzard’s Bay, Massachusetts; subtidal rocks; as host of parasite gastropod F. dianthophila ). — Zibrowius 1971: 697 –705 (east coast of United States, Atlantic France, Mediterranean and Senegal, Western Africa; 1–189 m, salinity 18–50‰, temperature 5–30°C; on sand and the seagrass Posidonia , bryozoan nodules and oysters). — Day 1973: 132 (Cape Hatteras to South Carolina; intertidal to 30 m). — Robertson & Mau-Lastovicka 1979: 323 (Woods Hole; “host” of Fargoa bartschi (Winkley, 1909)). — Haines & Maurer 1980a: 646 –647 (Delaware Bay; 6 m, salinity 23.3–28.3‰, temperature 3–25.4°C, on muddy sand); 1980b: 44–46 (Delaware Bay; invertebrates associated with H. dianthus same data as 1980a). — ten Hove & Wolf 1984: 55 -21, figs 55-15, 55-16a–j (western Florida; 22 m, medium sand). — ten Hove & van den Hurk 1993: 41 –42, fig. 4B, D (Baffin Bay and Corpus Christi, Texas; 0.6–2.4 m and in concrete tunnels supplying cooling water to a power station; salinity average 51.7‰). — Perkins 1998: 95 (checklist of shallow-water polychaetes of Florida). — Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000b: 845, fig. 1m–u (eastern Mexico: San Juan de Ulúa, Veracruz; Champotón, Campeche; Celestún Beach, Ría Lagartos and San Felipe, Yucatán; Contoy Island, Nichupté Lagoon and Yalahau Lagoon, Quintana Roo; 0.5–4 m; on seagrass, algae, sponges, rocks, fort wall covered with vermetids, oysters and ascidians, wood dock pilings). — Sun &Yang 2000: 120 –121,fig. 2e–k (China).— Bianchi & Morri 2001: 216 –218(Orbetello Lagoon, Italy; reef-builders, competitor with Ficopomatus enigmaticus salinity 13–48‰, temperature 7–30°C). — Toonen & Pawlik 2001: 104 –112 (Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina; gregarious and non-gregarious settlement; intertidal). — Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002: 143 –146, figs 23A–M, 24A–K, 28 (Connecticut, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and eastern Mexico: Veracruz, Yucatán and Quintana Roo; 0.6–28 m, salinity 1–34‰,on oysters, rocks and wooden pier). — Link et al. 2009: 1 –6, figs 1a–g, 2 (Tokyo Bay, Japan, as NIS; 0.8 m, on PVC plates). — Otani & Yamanishi 2010: 63 –64, fig. 3a–g (Osaka Bay, Japan, as NIS; seasonal change in densities; intertidal to 4 m, salinity 26.5– 32.3‰, temperature 17.7–19.1°C; on concrete blocks). — Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove 2011: 14 –16 (Cyprus; 0.3 m, from ship propeller). — Boltachova et al. 2011: 34 –38 (Crimea, Black Sea). — Sun et al. 2016a: poster (discussion as global invader or a complex of species). Hydroides (Eupomatus) dianthoides – Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002: 143 (partial synonymy). Material examined 1787 specimens: RI (108) Sep. 2001, CB (352) Sep. 2000 and Aug. 2012, CH (117) Sep. 2004, JX (99) Aug. 2001, IR (99) Aug. 2005, BB (78) Aug. 2004, TB (38) Jun. 2012, PB (323) Aug. 2002, GB (356) Sep. 2002, CC (217) Sep. 2002. Diagnosis This species is gregarious and can form small colonies. Tube white, with two longitudinal ridges; lacks peristomes, transverse ridges or alveoli. Opercular peduncle smooth, white. Opercular funnel with 24– 37 radii with pointed tips (Fig. 4C); verticil with 8–13 spines, all curving ventrally, with one basal internal spinule, without external and lateral spinules or wings (Fig. 4C). Special collar chaetae with two blunt, short teeth and smooth distal blade. Taxonomic remarks Hartman (1945, 1951) mentioned that the distribution of Hydroides dianthus includes the West Indies; the only record of this subtropical species, in the Caribbean Sea, is from Weisbord (1964: 158), who collected several empty tubes from northern Venezuela, as H. cf. dianthus , but species identification with only the tube in the genus Hydroides , is doubtful. Hydroides dianthus was recorded, as Eupomatus, by Holguín-Quiñones (1994) from Socorro Island, in the Mexican Pacific; however, the record is indeterminable because it lacks a description and figures, and the specimens were not deposited in a collection (Holguín-Quiñones, pers. comm. 2011; Bastida-Zavala et al. 2016: 418). By far, Hydroides dianthus is the most abundant species (1787 specimens) on fouling plates from the 10 localities on the east coast of the United States and northern Gulf of Mexico (Table 1). In one sample from the northern Gulf of Mexico, two of four specimens had an operculum with red verticil spines (see also H. floridana (Bush, 1910)), a character never seen before. In Delaware Bay and Virginia’s coastal lagoons (Haines & Maurer 1980a: 647), H. dianthus builds tube clusters (10–400 cm 3) and at the former site the clusters harbor up to 54 invertebrate species (Haines & Maurer 1980b). The gregarious settlement of this species was studied in North Carolina (Toonen & Pawlik 2001) and the Mediterranean, where H. dianthus builds large reefs in coastal lagoons (Bianchi & Morri 2001). It competes with other NIS, such as Ficopomatus enigmaticus , at several sites in the Mediterranean (Zibrowius 1973; Bianchi & Morri 2001). Due to its euryhaline (1–51.7‰) and eurythermic (3–30°C) tolerances, H. dianthus has successfully invaded many harbors around the world. However, in Osaka Bay Otani & Yamanishi (2010) found that salinities above 30‰, combined with biological interactions with macroalgae or mussels, may be limiting the distribution of H. dianthus . Hydroides dianthus , previously considered native to the US east coast (Bosc 1801; Verrill 1873), should be considered cryptogenic (see the 'Cryptogenic species' section in the Discussion below). Ecology Intertidal to sublittoral (189 m). In subtropical and tropical marine and brackish waters; salinities of 1–51.7‰, temperature 3–30°C (Zibrowius 1971; Haines & Maurer 1980a; Bianchi & Morri 2001); on rocks, mollusk shells, corals, seagrass, algae, sponges and artificial substrates (Rioja 1958; Zibrowius 1971; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000b; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove 2011); also associated with the gastropods Fargoa dianthophila and F. bartschi (Robertson & Mau-Lastovicka 1979; Wells & Wells 1969). Fargoa dianthophila was considered a parasite of Hydroides dianthus by Roberge (1968). Distribution East coast of United States, Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico, Mexican Caribbean, Mediterranean, European Atlantic, Senegal (western Africa), Japan (Zibrowius 1971; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; Link et al. 2009; Otani & Yamanishi 2010), China, Brazil and Black Sea (Sun & Yang 2000; Boltachova et al. 2011; Sun et al. 2016a). In this work, Hydroides dianthus was found abundantly and frequently on fouling plates from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island; Chesapeake Bay, Virginia; Charleston, South Carolina; Jacksonville, Indian River, Biscayne Bay, Tampa Bay and Pensacola Bay, Florida; and Galveston Bay and Corpus Christi, Texas (Fig. 5). : Published as part of Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, McCANN, Linda D., Keppel, Erica & Ruiz, Gregory M., 2017, The fouling serpulids (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from United States coastal waters: an overview, pp. 1-76 in European Journal of Taxonomy 344 on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.344, http://zenodo.org/record/3834679 : {"references": ["Verrill A. E. 1873. Report upon the Invertebrate Animals of Vineyard Sound and the Adjacent Waters, with an Account of the Physical Characters of the Region. Report of the United States Commission for Fisheries 1871 - 72, pp. 295 - 778. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 57652", "Bosc L. A. G. 1801. Histoire naturelle des Vers: contenant leur Description et leurs Moeurs, avec Figures dessinees d'apres Nature. Guilleminet, Paris 2.", "Zibrowius H. 1971. Les especes Mediterraneennes du genre Hydroides (Polychaeta Serpulidae): remarques sur le pretendu polymorphisme de Hydroides uncinata. Tethys 2: 691 - 746.", "Read G. 2016. WoRMS note, details on Hydroides floridanus. In: Read G. & Fauchald K. (eds) World Polychaeta database. Accessed through World Register of Marine Species, available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / aphia. php? p = notes & id = 127102 [accessed 12 Jul. 2016].", "Augener H. 1922. Ueber litorale Polychaeten von Westindien. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft der naturforschende Freunde zu Berlin 1922 (3 - 5): 38 - 53.", "Treadwell A. L. 1891. Preliminary note on the anatomy and histology of Serpula dianthus (Verrill). Zoologischer Anzeiger 14: 276 - 280.", "Wilson J. H. 1905. The Pleistocene formations of Sankaty Head, Nantucket. The Journal of Geology 13 (8): 713 - 734. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 621266", "Oldale R. N., Valentine P. C., Cronin T. M., Spiker, E. C., Blackwelder B. W., Belknap D. F., Wehmiller J. F. & Szabo B. J. 1982. Stratigraphy, structure, absolute age, and paleontology of the upper Pleistocene deposits at Sankaty Head, Nantucket Island, Massachusetts. Geology 10: 246 - 252. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (1982) 10 <246: SSAAAP> 2.0. CO; 2", "Richards H. G. 1933. Marine fossils from New Jersey indicating a mild interglacial stage. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 72 (3): 181 - 214.", "Hartman O. 1945. The marine annelids of North Carolina. Duke University Marine Station Bulletin 2: 1 - 54.", "Rioja E. 1958. Estudios Anelidologicos XXII: Datos para el conocimiento de la fauna anelidos poliquetos de las costas orientales de Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia 29: 219 - 301.", "Wells H. W. & Wells M. J. 1961. Three species of Odostomia from North Carolina, with description of new species. Nautilus 74 (4): 149 - 157.", "Wells H. W. & Gray I. E. 1964. Polychaetous annelids of the Cape Hatteras area. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 80 (2): 70 - 78.", "Wells H. W. & Wells M. J. 1969. New host and distribution records of Odostontia dianthophila. Nautilus 82: 109 - 110.", "Webster H. E. & Benedict J. E. 1884. Annelida Chaetopoda from Provincetown and Wellfleet, Massachusetts. Annual Report of the Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries for 1881, Washington DC. www. biodiversitylibrary. org / itemdetails / 32786", "Benedict J. E. 1887. Descriptions of ten species and one new genus of the annelids from the dredgings of the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 9: 547 - 553. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.9 - 594.547", "Cushman J. A. 1906. The Pleistocene deposits of Sankoty Head, Nantucket, and their fossils. The Nantucket Maria Mitchell Association 1 (1): 3 - 21.", "Roberge A. G. 1968. Odostomia dianthophila (Gastropoda, Pyramidellidae) from Buzzard's Bay, Mass., a northern range extension. Nautilus 81 (4): 145.", "Day J. H. 1973. New Polychaeta from Beaufort with a key to all species recorded from North Carolina. NOAA Technical Report. NMFS CIRC- 375, Seattle. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 62852", "Robertson R. & Mau-Lastovicka T. 1979. The ectoparasitism of Boonea and Fargoa (Gastropoda: Pyramidellidae). The Biological Bulletin 157: 320 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1541058", "Haines J. L. & Maurer D. 1980 a. Benthic invertebrates associated with a serpulid polychaete assemblage in a temperate estuary. Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie 65 (5): 643 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19800650504", "Imajima M. & ten Hove H. A. 1984. Serpulinae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Truk Islands, Ponape and Majuro Atoll, with some other new Indo-Pacific records. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 27: 35 - 66.", "Hove H. A. ten & Hurk P. van den. 1993. A review of Recent and fossil serpulid \" reefs \"; actuopaleontology and the ' Upper Malm' serpulid limestones in NW Germany. Geologie en Mijnbouw 72 (1): 23 - 67.", "Perkins T. H. 1998. Checklist of shallow-water marine polychaetous Annelida of Florida. In: Camp D. K., Lyons W. G. & Perkins T. H. (eds) Checklist of Selected Shallow-water Marine Invertebrates of Florida: 79 - 122. Florida Marine Research Institute, Technical Report 3.", "Bastida-Zavala J. R. & Salazar-Vallejo S. I. 2000 b. Serpulidos (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) del Caribe noroccidental: Hydroides y Serpula. Revista de Biologia Tropical 48: 841 - 858.", "Sun R. & Yang D. 2000. Study on Hydroides (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from waters off China. I. Studia Marina Sinica 42: 116 - 135.", "Bianchi C. N. & Morri C. 2001. The battle is not to the strong: serpulid reefs in the lagoon of Orbetello (Tuscany, Italy). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 53: 215 - 220. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / ecss. 2001.0793", "Toonen R. J. & Pawlik J. R. 2001. Settlement of the gregarious tube worm Hydroides dianthus (Polychaeta: Serpulidae). I. Gregarious and nongregarious settlement. Marine Ecology Progress Series 224: 103 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 224103", "Bastida-Zavala J. R. & ten Hove H. A. 2002. Revision of Hydroides Gunnerus, 1768 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Western Atlantic Region. Beaufortia 52: 103 - 178.", "Link H., Nishi E., Tanaka K., Bastida-Zavala R., Kupriyanova E. K. & Yamakita T. 2009. Hydroides dianthus (Polychaeta: Serpulidae), an alien species introduced into Tokyo Bay, Japan. Biodiversity Records 6430: 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267209000931", "Otani M. & Yamanishi R. 2010. Distribution of the alien species Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873) (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) in Osaka Bay, Japan, with comments on the factors limiting its invasion. Plankton and Benthos Research 5 (2): 62 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 5.62", "Ben-Eliahu M. N. & ten Hove H. A. 2011. Serpulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Suez Canal- From a Lessepsian migration perspective. Zootaxa 2848: 1 - 147. http: // www. mapress. com / zootaxa / 2011 / f / zt 02848 p 147. pdf", "Boltachova N. A., Lisitskaya E. V. & Lebedovskaya M. V. 2011. [New record of] Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873) (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the coastal waters of Crimea (the Black Sea). Marine Ecological Journal 10 (2): 34 - 38.", "Sun Y., Wong E., Keppel E., Williamson J. E. & Kupriyanova E. K. 2016 a. A global invader or a complex of regionally distributed species? Clarifying the status of an invasive calcareous tubeworm Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873) using barcoding. International Polychaete Conference. Cardiff, Wales, UK, August 1 - 5, 2016. Poster.", "Hartman O. 1951. The littoral marine annelids of the Gulf of Mexico. Publications of the Institute of Marine Science 2 (1): 7 - 124.", "Weisbord N. E. 1964. Late Cenozoic scaphopods and serpulid polychaetes from North Venezuela. Bulletins of American Paleontology 47 (214): 111 - 204. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / bibliography / 39837 / summary", "Holguin-Quinones O. E. 1994. Comunidades bentonicas marinas. In: Ortega-Rubio A. & Castellanos- Vera A. (eds) La Isla Socorro, Reserva de la Biosfera Archipielago de Revillagigedo, Mexico: 225 - 245. Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, Mexico.", "Bastida-Zavala J. R., Rodriguez Buelna A. S., de Leon-Gonzalez J. A., Camacho-Cruz K. A. & Carmona I. 2016. New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401 - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4184.3.1", "Bush K. J. 1910. Description of new serpulids from Bermuda with notes on known forms from adjacent regions. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 62: 490 - 501. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 5526383 page / 528 / mode / 1 up", "Haines J. L. & Maurer D. 1980 b. Quantitative faunal associates of the serpulid polychaete Hydroides dianthus. Marine Biology 56: 43 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00390592", "Zibrowius H. 1973. Remarques sur trois especes de Serpulidae acclimatees en Mediterranee: Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873), Hydroides dirampha Morch, 1863, et Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883)."]} |
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Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando McCANN, Linda D. Keppel, Erica Ruiz, Gregory M. |
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Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando McCANN, Linda D. Keppel, Erica Ruiz, Gregory M. |
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Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando |
title |
Hydroides dianthus |
title_short |
Hydroides dianthus |
title_full |
Hydroides dianthus |
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Hydroides dianthus |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydroides dianthus |
title_sort |
hydroides dianthus |
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Zenodo |
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2017 |
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San Juan Baffin Bay Pacific Indian Long Island Ortega Gonzalez Rodriguez Williamson Valentine San Felipe Benedict Carmona Bianchi Hove Nautilus Nantucket Treadwell Malm McCann Cape May Rubio |
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Baffin Bay |
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Baffin Bay |
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.3851375 2023-05-15T15:35:09+02:00 Hydroides dianthus Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando McCANN, Linda D. Keppel, Erica Ruiz, Gregory M. 2017 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851375 https://zenodo.org/record/3851375 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/3834679 http://publication.plazi.org/id/857CFFCAFFC1FFBCFFCDFFA0FFB9FFD1 http://zoobank.org/27AA4538-407D-470A-8141-365124193D85 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.344 http://zenodo.org/record/3834679 http://publication.plazi.org/id/857CFFCAFFC1FFBCFFCDFFA0FFB9FFD1 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3834687 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3834689 http://zoobank.org/27AA4538-407D-470A-8141-365124193D85 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851374 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Annelida Polychaeta Sabellida Serpulidae Hydroides Hydroides dianthus Taxonomic treatment article-journal Text ScholarlyArticle 2017 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851375 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.344 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3834687 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3834689 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851374 2022-02-08T12:14:29Z Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873) Figs 4C, 5 Serpula dianthus Verrill, 1873: 620 (type locality: New Jersey to Massachusetts, United States). Serpula hexagona Bosc, 1801: 205 (type locality: Charleston, South Carolina, United States; on oyster shells). — Zibrowius 1971: 697, 699 (name indeterminable; the tube description does not match H. dianthus , but records on the US east coast are misidentified and really belong to H. dianthus ). — Read et al . 2016: 22–23 (name no longer in use and representing a species inquirenda ). Hydroides (Eupomatus) dianthoides Augener, 1922: 49–50 (specimens from Veracruz, eastern Mexico; partial synonymy). Serpula dianthus – Treadwell 1891: 276 –280 (Long Island, New York; anatomy and histology). — Wilson 1905: 119 and table (fossil records from Pleistocene of Sankaty Head, Nantucket, Massachusetts; abundant tubes). — Oldale et al. 1982: fig. 5 (same). Eupomatus dianthus – Richards 1933: 198 and table (fossil records from Cape May Formation, an interglacial warm stage from New Jersey). — Hartman 1945: 48, pl. 10, fig. 1 (North Carolina; under stones, shell fragments); 1951: 118–119 (Southwestern Florida, Louisiana, South Texas; intertidal, snail shell, rocks). — Rioja 1958: 260 –262 (Sacrificios and Verde Islands, Veracruz, eastern Mexico; on rocks, mollusk shells, corals and ship hulls). — Wells & Wells 1961: 152, 154–155, Beaufort, off Portsmouth Island and Pamlico Sound, North Carolina; 3.5–11 m, salinity 15–25‰; associated with the gastropod Fargoa dianthophila (Wells & Wells, 1961) (previously in the genus Odostomia ). — Wells & Gray 1964: 74 (Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; hard substrates). — Wells & Wells 1969: 109 – 110 (North Carolina; Buzzard’s Bay, Massachusetts; Panama City, Alligator Harbor and Cedar Key, Florida; associated with F. dianthophila ). Hydroides dianthus – Webster & Benedict 1884: 737 (Massachusetts; intertidal, on shells). — Benedict 1887: 549, pl. 20, fig. 10 (Chesapeake Bay; on living oysters, shells and stones). — Cushman 1906: 9 (fossil records from Pleistocene of Sankoty Head, Nantucket).— Roberge 1968:145 (Buzzard’s Bay, Massachusetts; subtidal rocks; as host of parasite gastropod F. dianthophila ). — Zibrowius 1971: 697 –705 (east coast of United States, Atlantic France, Mediterranean and Senegal, Western Africa; 1–189 m, salinity 18–50‰, temperature 5–30°C; on sand and the seagrass Posidonia , bryozoan nodules and oysters). — Day 1973: 132 (Cape Hatteras to South Carolina; intertidal to 30 m). — Robertson & Mau-Lastovicka 1979: 323 (Woods Hole; “host” of Fargoa bartschi (Winkley, 1909)). — Haines & Maurer 1980a: 646 –647 (Delaware Bay; 6 m, salinity 23.3–28.3‰, temperature 3–25.4°C, on muddy sand); 1980b: 44–46 (Delaware Bay; invertebrates associated with H. dianthus same data as 1980a). — ten Hove & Wolf 1984: 55 -21, figs 55-15, 55-16a–j (western Florida; 22 m, medium sand). — ten Hove & van den Hurk 1993: 41 –42, fig. 4B, D (Baffin Bay and Corpus Christi, Texas; 0.6–2.4 m and in concrete tunnels supplying cooling water to a power station; salinity average 51.7‰). — Perkins 1998: 95 (checklist of shallow-water polychaetes of Florida). — Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000b: 845, fig. 1m–u (eastern Mexico: San Juan de Ulúa, Veracruz; Champotón, Campeche; Celestún Beach, Ría Lagartos and San Felipe, Yucatán; Contoy Island, Nichupté Lagoon and Yalahau Lagoon, Quintana Roo; 0.5–4 m; on seagrass, algae, sponges, rocks, fort wall covered with vermetids, oysters and ascidians, wood dock pilings). — Sun &Yang 2000: 120 –121,fig. 2e–k (China).— Bianchi & Morri 2001: 216 –218(Orbetello Lagoon, Italy; reef-builders, competitor with Ficopomatus enigmaticus salinity 13–48‰, temperature 7–30°C). — Toonen & Pawlik 2001: 104 –112 (Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina; gregarious and non-gregarious settlement; intertidal). — Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002: 143 –146, figs 23A–M, 24A–K, 28 (Connecticut, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and eastern Mexico: Veracruz, Yucatán and Quintana Roo; 0.6–28 m, salinity 1–34‰,on oysters, rocks and wooden pier). — Link et al. 2009: 1 –6, figs 1a–g, 2 (Tokyo Bay, Japan, as NIS; 0.8 m, on PVC plates). — Otani & Yamanishi 2010: 63 –64, fig. 3a–g (Osaka Bay, Japan, as NIS; seasonal change in densities; intertidal to 4 m, salinity 26.5– 32.3‰, temperature 17.7–19.1°C; on concrete blocks). — Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove 2011: 14 –16 (Cyprus; 0.3 m, from ship propeller). — Boltachova et al. 2011: 34 –38 (Crimea, Black Sea). — Sun et al. 2016a: poster (discussion as global invader or a complex of species). Hydroides (Eupomatus) dianthoides – Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002: 143 (partial synonymy). Material examined 1787 specimens: RI (108) Sep. 2001, CB (352) Sep. 2000 and Aug. 2012, CH (117) Sep. 2004, JX (99) Aug. 2001, IR (99) Aug. 2005, BB (78) Aug. 2004, TB (38) Jun. 2012, PB (323) Aug. 2002, GB (356) Sep. 2002, CC (217) Sep. 2002. Diagnosis This species is gregarious and can form small colonies. Tube white, with two longitudinal ridges; lacks peristomes, transverse ridges or alveoli. Opercular peduncle smooth, white. Opercular funnel with 24– 37 radii with pointed tips (Fig. 4C); verticil with 8–13 spines, all curving ventrally, with one basal internal spinule, without external and lateral spinules or wings (Fig. 4C). Special collar chaetae with two blunt, short teeth and smooth distal blade. Taxonomic remarks Hartman (1945, 1951) mentioned that the distribution of Hydroides dianthus includes the West Indies; the only record of this subtropical species, in the Caribbean Sea, is from Weisbord (1964: 158), who collected several empty tubes from northern Venezuela, as H. cf. dianthus , but species identification with only the tube in the genus Hydroides , is doubtful. Hydroides dianthus was recorded, as Eupomatus, by Holguín-Quiñones (1994) from Socorro Island, in the Mexican Pacific; however, the record is indeterminable because it lacks a description and figures, and the specimens were not deposited in a collection (Holguín-Quiñones, pers. comm. 2011; Bastida-Zavala et al. 2016: 418). By far, Hydroides dianthus is the most abundant species (1787 specimens) on fouling plates from the 10 localities on the east coast of the United States and northern Gulf of Mexico (Table 1). In one sample from the northern Gulf of Mexico, two of four specimens had an operculum with red verticil spines (see also H. floridana (Bush, 1910)), a character never seen before. In Delaware Bay and Virginia’s coastal lagoons (Haines & Maurer 1980a: 647), H. dianthus builds tube clusters (10–400 cm 3) and at the former site the clusters harbor up to 54 invertebrate species (Haines & Maurer 1980b). The gregarious settlement of this species was studied in North Carolina (Toonen & Pawlik 2001) and the Mediterranean, where H. dianthus builds large reefs in coastal lagoons (Bianchi & Morri 2001). It competes with other NIS, such as Ficopomatus enigmaticus , at several sites in the Mediterranean (Zibrowius 1973; Bianchi & Morri 2001). Due to its euryhaline (1–51.7‰) and eurythermic (3–30°C) tolerances, H. dianthus has successfully invaded many harbors around the world. However, in Osaka Bay Otani & Yamanishi (2010) found that salinities above 30‰, combined with biological interactions with macroalgae or mussels, may be limiting the distribution of H. dianthus . Hydroides dianthus , previously considered native to the US east coast (Bosc 1801; Verrill 1873), should be considered cryptogenic (see the 'Cryptogenic species' section in the Discussion below). Ecology Intertidal to sublittoral (189 m). In subtropical and tropical marine and brackish waters; salinities of 1–51.7‰, temperature 3–30°C (Zibrowius 1971; Haines & Maurer 1980a; Bianchi & Morri 2001); on rocks, mollusk shells, corals, seagrass, algae, sponges and artificial substrates (Rioja 1958; Zibrowius 1971; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000b; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove 2011); also associated with the gastropods Fargoa dianthophila and F. bartschi (Robertson & Mau-Lastovicka 1979; Wells & Wells 1969). Fargoa dianthophila was considered a parasite of Hydroides dianthus by Roberge (1968). Distribution East coast of United States, Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico, Mexican Caribbean, Mediterranean, European Atlantic, Senegal (western Africa), Japan (Zibrowius 1971; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; Link et al. 2009; Otani & Yamanishi 2010), China, Brazil and Black Sea (Sun & Yang 2000; Boltachova et al. 2011; Sun et al. 2016a). In this work, Hydroides dianthus was found abundantly and frequently on fouling plates from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island; Chesapeake Bay, Virginia; Charleston, South Carolina; Jacksonville, Indian River, Biscayne Bay, Tampa Bay and Pensacola Bay, Florida; and Galveston Bay and Corpus Christi, Texas (Fig. 5). : Published as part of Bastida-Zavala, J. 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Remarques sur trois especes de Serpulidae acclimatees en Mediterranee: Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873), Hydroides dirampha Morch, 1863, et Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883)."]} Text Baffin Bay DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) San Juan Baffin Bay Pacific Indian Long Island Ortega ENVELOPE(-57.950,-57.950,-63.950,-63.950) Gonzalez ENVELOPE(-58.250,-58.250,-63.917,-63.917) Rodriguez ENVELOPE(-56.720,-56.720,-63.529,-63.529) Williamson ENVELOPE(-65.383,-65.383,-67.717,-67.717) Valentine ENVELOPE(-54.550,-54.550,-61.083,-61.083) San Felipe ENVELOPE(-66.967,-66.967,-67.717,-67.717) Benedict ENVELOPE(-66.585,-66.585,-66.157,-66.157) Carmona ENVELOPE(-62.917,-62.917,-64.900,-64.900) Bianchi ENVELOPE(-55.500,-55.500,-63.350,-63.350) Hove ENVELOPE(13.995,13.995,65.605,65.605) Nautilus ENVELOPE(-67.167,-67.167,-67.650,-67.650) Nantucket ENVELOPE(-61.917,-61.917,-74.583,-74.583) Treadwell ENVELOPE(-144.850,-144.850,-77.017,-77.017) Malm ENVELOPE(12.222,12.222,65.323,65.323) McCann ENVELOPE(-77.617,-77.617,-73.567,-73.567) Cape May ENVELOPE(130.500,130.500,-66.217,-66.217) Rubio ENVELOPE(-65.767,-65.767,-65.933,-65.933) |