Salmacina tribranchiata

• Main Authors: Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, McCANN, Linda D., Keppel, Erica, Ruiz, Gregory M.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2017
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Annelida; Polychaeta; Sabellida; Serpulidae; Salmacina; Salmacina tribranchiata; Baja; Galapagos; Pacific; Gonzalez; Rodriguez; McIntosh; Huxley; Carmona; Hove; McCann; Sitka Bay; Archipelago; Alaska
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851356; https://zenodo.org/record/3851356

Salmacina tribranchiata (Moore, 1923) Figs 7J, 10 Filograna tribranchiata Moore, 1923: 250–251 (type locality: off Santa Rosa Island, California, United States; 69–82 m; small mass of tubes on mixed bottom (mud, sand and rocks)). Salmacina dysteri ( non Huxley 1855) – Steinbeck & Ricketts 1941: 367 (Gulf of California: Los Angeles Bay, Baja California, and San Francisquito Island, Baja California Sur; encrusting on rocks). Salmacina dysteri tribranchiata – Monro 1933: 1090–1091, textfig. 31 (Tagus Cove, Isabela (Albemarle) Island, Galápagos; from a marine garden sheltered from the sun by an overhanging rock). — Berkeley & Berkeley 1941: 56 (Corona del Mar, Monterey Bay and Santa Cruz Island, California; 9–31 m). Salmacina tribranchiata – Rioja 1941b: 738 –739, pl. 9, figs 11–14 (La Aguada Beach, Acapulco, Guerrero, southern Mexican Pacific; on the sabellariid Idanthyrsus johnstoni McIntosh, 1885, now Idanthyrsus luciae (Rochebrune, 1882), colonies). — Hartman 1969: 771 –772, figs 1–6 (central and southern California; intertidal to shelf depths; mixed bottoms). — Nogueira & ten Hove 2000: 158 – 159, Tables 1–2 (discussion). — Bastida-Zavala 2008: 43, fig. 10H–J (Alaska, California, Hawaii and Mexican Pacific: Sinaloa and Oaxaca; intertidal to 116m).— Carlton &Eldredge2009:62 –63(Hawaii; invasion history); 2015: 34 (Hawaii; introduction confirmed). — Bastida-Zavala et al. 2016: 433 – 434, figs 8, 12E–F (Mexican Pacific: Baja California, Baja California Sur and Oaxaca; intertidal to 1 m; in marinas and harbors, fouling). Filograna implexa ( non Berkeley 1835) – Kudenov 1980: 122 (Sonora coast, Gulf of California). — Kerstitch & Bertsch 2007: 38, fig. 63 (field guide of the Gulf of California; 46 m). Material examined 212 specimens: ST (6) Aug. 2001, MI (1) Jul. 2013, SD (205) Aug. 2000 and Jul. 2013. Additional material More than 12 specimens: MBL-SD s.n., 2 specimens (approx. 32°40' N, 117°25' W, off San Diego, RV, sta. E–9 and E–14, 3 Oct. 1996 and 15 Jul. 2003, 116 m and 98 m); SERC- 233687, one specimen (Galapagos, photographed in vivo, by Erica Keppel, 1 May 2016, coll. SERC); UMAR-Poly 94, colony (Hawaii inter-island cargo barge, HF–023, hull fouling community roughly two years old; barge only operates in Hawaii, coll. S. Godwin). Diagnosis This species is gregarious and can form colonies. Tube white, thin, with transverse ridges; without peristomes, longitudinal ridges or alveoli. Branchial crown with 3–4 radioles in each lobe (Fig. 7J). Without opercular peduncle or operculum. Collar with fin-and-blade chaetae, with 3–5 big teeth. Thorax with seven segments; all thoracic chaetigers (except collar segment) with “ Apomatus ” chaetae. Taxonomic remarks Salmacina tribranchiata was the first species of the genus described from the eastern Pacific and as is the case for S. huxleyi , this name is preferred in the region until the status of species in this genus is clarified with SEM and/or molecular studies (Nogueira & ten Hove 2000; Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove 2011). Ecology Intertidal to 116 m (Bastida-Zavala 2008). On mixed bottoms, on rocks, on the sabellariid Idanthyrsus luciae , and as fouling of pier pilings (Bastida-Zavala et al. 2016). Distribution Northeastern Pacific, from Alaska to Gulf of California, Hawaii, southern Mexican Pacific and Galápagos Islands (Bastida-Zavala 2008). In this work, Salmacina tribranchiata was found abundantly and frequently on fouling plates from San Diego, southern California, and occasionaly from Sitka Bay, Alaska, and Mission Bay, southern California (Fig. 10). : Published as part of Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, McCANN, Linda D., Keppel, Erica & Ruiz, Gregory M., 2017, The fouling serpulids (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from United States coastal waters: an overview, pp. 1-76 in European Journal of Taxonomy 344 on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.344, http://zenodo.org/record/3834679 : {"references": ["Moore J. P. 1923. The polychaetous annelids dredged by the U. S. S. Albatros off the coast of southern California in 1904. Spionidae to Sabellariidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 75: 179 - 259.", "Huxley T. A. 1855. On a hermaphrodite and fissiparous species of tubicolous annelid. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, New Series 1 (1): 113 - 129. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 131108 page / 129 / mode / 1 up", "Steinbeck J. & Ricketts E. F. 1941. Phylum Annelida. Class Polychaeta. In: Sea of Cortez, a Leisurely Journal of Travel and Research: 348 - 370. Paul P. Appel, California.", "Monro C. C. A. 1933. The Polychaeta Sedentaria collected by Dr. C. Crossland at Colon, in the Panama region, and the Galapagos Islands during the expedition of the S. Y. \" St. George \". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1933: 1039 - 1092. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1933. tb 01640. x", "Berkeley E. & Berkeley C. 1941. On a collection of Polychaeta from Southern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 40 (1): 16 - 60.", "Rioja E. 1941 b. Estudios Anelidologicos III. Datos para el conocimiento de la fauna de poliquetos de las costas mexicanas del Pacifico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia 12: 669 - 746.", "McIntosh W. C. 1885. Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 1876. Challenger Reports, Zoology 12. London.", "Hartman O. 1969. Atlas of the Sedentariate Polychaetous Annelids from California. Allan Hancock Foundation, Los Angeles.", "Nogueira J. M. M. & ten Hove H. A. 2000. On a new species of Salmacina Claparede, 1870 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae), from Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Beaufortia 50: 151 - 161.", "Bastida-Zavala J. R. 2008. Serpulids (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the eastern Pacific, including a brief mention of Hawaiian serpulids. Zootaxa 1722: 1 - 61.", "Carlton J. T. & Eldredge L. G. 2009. Marine Bioinvasions of Hawai'i. The Introduced and Cryptogenic Marine and Estuarine Animals and Plants of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Cultural and Environmental Studies 4. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.", "Bastida-Zavala J. R., Rodriguez Buelna A. S., de Leon-Gonzalez J. A., Camacho-Cruz K. A. & Carmona I. 2016. New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401 - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4184.3.1", "Berkeley M. J. 1835. Observations upon the Dentalium subulatum of Deshayes. The Zoological Journal 5: 424 - 427.", "Kudenov J. D. 1980. Annelida: Polychaeta (Bristleworms). In: Brusca R. C. (ed.) Common Intertidal Invertebrates of the Gulf of California: 77 - 123. Second edition, University of Arizona Press, Tucson.", "Kerstitch A. & Bertsch H. 2007. Sea of Cortez Marine Invertebrates. A Guide for the Pacific Coast, Mexico to Peru. Second edition, Sea Challengers, Monterey, California.", "Ben-Eliahu M. N. & ten Hove H. A. 2011. Serpulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Suez Canal- From a Lessepsian migration perspective. Zootaxa 2848: 1 - 147. http: // www. mapress. com / zootaxa / 2011 / f / zt 02848 p 147. pdf"]}