Bivalvia Linnaeus 1758

• Main Authors: Groves, Lindsey T., Squires, Richard L.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2018
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Mollusca; Bivalvia; Arctic; Alta; Baja; Canada; Pacific; Alabama; British Columbia; Lamarck; Venus; Wilcox; Morton; Williamson; Weaver; Leda; Dun; Newell; Stephenson; Woodward; Purdy; Stanton; Burlington; Bertrand; Nautilus; Rivera; Navarro; Loma; Weller; James River; Lower Lake; Diablo; Dickerson; Brann; Bogan; Dockery; Trigonia; Timber Creek; Alaska
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798640; https://zenodo.org/record/3798640

BIVALVIA Subgenera and Genera Anthonya Gabb, 1864b: 181–182. Type Species: Anthonya cultriformis Gabb, 1864b: 182, pl. 30, figs. 236–236a, by monotypy. Bothrocorbula Gabb, 1872c: 274; 1872d: 247. Type Species: Corbula viminea Guppy, 1866: 293, pl. 18, fig. 11, by monotypy. Remarks: Considered a subgenus of Corbula by Anderson (1996: 12). Clisocolus Gabb, 1869b: 188–189. Type Species: ? Loripes dubia Gabb, 1864b: 177, pl. 24, figs. 170–171, by OD. Conchocele Gabb, 1866: 27–28. Type Species: Conchocele disjuncta Gabb, 1866: 28, pl. 7, figs. 48–48b, by monotypy. Remarks: See generic revision by Oliver & Frey (2014: 465–466). Cymbophora Gabb, 1869b: 180–181. Type Species: Cymbophora ashburnerii Gabb, 1864b: 153, pl. 22, fig. 127, by monotypy (see Saul 1974: 1070). Cyprinella Gabb, 1864b: 170. [Junior homonym of Cyprinella Girard, 1857]. Type Species: Cyprinella tenuis Gabb, 1864b: 170–171, pl. 23, figs. 151–151a, by monotypy. Eriphyla Gabb, 1864b: 180. Type Species: Eriphyla umbonata Gabb, 1864b: 180, pl. 24, figs. 162–162a, by monotypy. Granocardium Gabb, 1869d: 266. Type Species: Cardium ( Granocardium ) carolinum d’Orbigny (1844: 29–30, pl. 245) by SD of Stewart (1930: 264). Remarks: Stewart (1930: 264) proposed that because Granocardium has a different ornamentation than Trachycardium , the former seems “better treated as a distinct genus.” Schneider (1998: 61) recommended that Granocardium be considered as the subjective senior synonym of Criocardium (Conrad, 1871). Here Gabb, 1866: 28–29. Type Species: Lucina ( Here ) richthofeni Gabb, 1866: 28–29, pl. 8, figs. 49–49b, by SD of Stoliczka (1871: 251). Remarks: Treated as a full genus by Coan et al. (2000: 263). Meekia Gabb, 1864b: 191. Type Species: Meekia sella Gabb, 1864b: 191–192, pl. 25, fig. 179, SD by Stoliczka (1871: 312). Neaeromya Gabb, 1872c: 274; 1872d: 247. Type Species: Neaeromya quadrata Gabb, 1872d: 247, pl. 10, figs. 4, 4a (mislabeled as 1a), 4b, unfigured, by monotypy. Pachydon Gabb, 1869e: 198–199. [Junior homonym of Pachydon von Meyer, 1838]. Type Species: Pachydon obliqua Gabb, 1869e: 199, pl. 16, figs. 5–5e, by OD. Remarks: Pachydon obliquus Gabb, according to Wesselingh (2006: 238). Woodward (1871: 104) noted “the name Pachydon, ” wrote Mr. Conrad, “is objectionable, in consequence of its derivation being the same as Pachyodon and I have been requested to substitute another” and “if naturalists object to Mr. Gabb’s name, I would suggest Anisothyris (unequal valves) to take its place.” He then acknowledged the combination Anisothyris tenuis Gabb [ sic ] and noted “it goes through several well-marked varieties, however; and, as our series comprises more than one hundred specimens, I may perhaps be allowed to rechristen it.” Woodward (1871: 105) then proposed the name A. hauxwelli with P. tenuis Gabb & Conrad [ sic ] as a synonym. Polorthus Gabb, 1861c: 366. Type Species: Teredo tibialis Morton 1834: 68, pl. 9, fig. 2 [ Polorthus tibialis (Gabb), according to Palmer & Brann (1965: 282)]. Gabb (1872a: 259–262) further discussed this genus. See Carter (1978: 81–82) for comments concerning the taxonomic confusion about the type species of this genus. Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866: 20–21. Type Species: Cardium gabbii Rémond, 1863: 13, by monotypy. Remondia Gabb, 1869d: 270. Type Species: Remondia furcata Gabb, 1869d: 270, pl. 36, figs 17–17a, by monotypy. Rhynchopterus Gabb, 1864 a: 31–32. [Junior homonym of Rhynchopterus Schrank, 1798]. Type Species: Rhynchopterus obesus Gabb, 1864 a: 32, pl. 5, figs. 30a–30b, by monotypy. Turnus Gabb, 1864b: 145–146. Type Species: Turnus plenus Gabb, 1864b: 146, pl. 22, fig. 116 by OD. SPECIES abruptum ( Cardium ) Gabb, 1860g: 302, unfigured. Near Purdy, McNairy Co., Tennessee; Cretaceous. Type Material: Type material not located. Remarks: Species is based on a cast that Gabb (1860: 302) noted was "hardly perfect enough to figure." abscissa ( Schizodesma ) Gabb, 1866: 20, pl. 4, figs. 34–34a. South of Martinez, Contra Costa Co., California; Miocene. Type Material: Holotype ANSP 4548 (Stewart 1930: 210–211; Richards 1968: 29). Remarks: Spisula ( Stereomactra ) abscissa (Gabb), according to Stewart (1930: 210–211, pl. 16, fig. 6), who figured the holotype. acuta ( Leda ) Gabb, 1872d: 255, unfigured. Dominican Republic; Miocene. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 2655 (Richards 1968: 29). Remarks: According to Pilsbry & Johnson (1917: 185), Gabb’s Leda acuta is a species distinct from Conrad’s (1832: 32) Leda acuta . Pilsbry & Johnson (1917: 185) provided the new name Leda extrictata for Leda acuta Gabb, 1872d. Both species are valid. acuticostata ( Callista ) Gabb, 1872d: 250, unfigured. Dominican Republic; Miocene. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 2776 (Richards 1968: 29). Remarks: Pitar ( Lamelliconcha ) acuticosta (Gabb), according to Pilsbry (1922: 422–423, pl. 47, fig. 10), who figured the type. aequalis ( Donax ) Gabb, 1872d: 249, unfigured. Dominican Republic; Miocene. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 2668 (Richards 1968: 29). Remarks: Pilsbry (1922: 426, text-fig. 47) figured the type. aequalis ( Tellina ) Gabb, 1869b: 182–183, pl. 29, fig. 73. [Junior homonym of Tellina aequalis Deshayes, 1854] Martinez, Contra Costa Co., California; Martinez Group, Cretaceous. Type Material: Holotype ANSP 4362 (Stewart 1930: 203–204; Richards 1968: 29). Remarks: “ Tellina ” aequalis , according to Stewart (1930: 203–204, pl. 2, fig. 8), who figured the holotype. aequicostata ( Trigonia ) Gabb, 1869b: 196, unfigured. Martinez, Contra Costa Co., California; Chico Group, Cretaceous. Type Material: Cotype ANSP 4421 (Richards 1968: 30). Remarks: Figured in Gabb (1864b: pl. 26, fig. 198) as? Trigonia sp. indet. Stewart (1930: 90–95, pl. 5, figs. 7–8) figured the species, but preservation is very poor; thus, assignment to genus Trigonia should be queried. Stewart also stated that his pl. 5, fig. 7 specimen might correspond to Gabb's original specimen. Richards (1968: 30) listed this specimen a co-type. aequilateralis ( Venus ) Gabb, 1869b: 184, pl. 30, fig. 76. San Diego, San Diego Co., California; so-called Cretaceous = Eocene (Stewart 1930: 238). Type Material: Lectotype MCZ 108509 [formerly MCZ 15039] of Stewart (1930: 238, pl. 8, fig. 13); paralectotype MCZ 108510 (MCZ online database). Remarks: Pelecyora aequilateralis (Gabb), according to Stewart (1930: 238). Weaver (1942 [1943]: 194, pl. 104, fig. 6) reproduced Stewart’s lectotype figure. affinis ( Lithophagus ) Gabb, 1861b: 327, unfigured. Green Marl, Burlington Co.(?), New Jersey; Cretaceous. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 18802 (Richards 1968: 30). Remarks: Lithodomus affinis , according to Whitfield (1885: 66–67, pl. 17, figs. 2 –3 [same pagination and illustrations for Whitfield 1886]), who also figured the type. Lithophaga affinis (Gabb), according to Richards (1958c: 157–158, pl. 25, fig. 12 [internal mold]), who figured the type. alabamense ( Cardium ( Trachycardium )) Gabb, 1876b: 310, unfigured. Eufaula [= Eufala], Barbour Co., Alabama; Cretaceous (Stephenson 1923: 295). Type Material: Holotype USNM 509 (Stephenson 1923: 295). Remarks: New name for Cardium multiradiatum Gabb, 1866, not G.B. Sowerby I in Darwin, 1846. Stephenson (1923: 295– 296, pl. 72, figs. 9–10a) figured the type. Granocardium ( Criocardium ) alabamense , according to Rindsberg (2000). alabamensis ( Idonearca ) Gabb, 1876b: 315, unfigured. White limestone of Prairie Bluff, Wilcox Co., Alabama; Cretaceous. Type Material: “Type” ANSP 18725 (Richards 1968: 30). Remarks: Junior synonym of Idonearca capax (Conrad, 1858), according to Stephenson (1941: 92). alaeformis ( Corbula ) Gabb, 1869b: 177, pl. 29, fig. 63. Lower Lake Village, Lake Co., California; Paleocene. Type Material: MCZ 15049 (Stewart, 1930: 58), missing and presumed lost (Moore 1983: A16); paratype UCMP 32515 (UCMP online database). Remarks: Hanna (1924: 169–170) provided an unnecessary replacement name, Leda polynominata , for Gabb's species. Stewart (1930: 58–59, pl, 7, fig. 13) noted that Gabb’s original figure “is very likely a reconstruction of this specimen which, if better specimens of the original material are not forthcoming, will have to be selected as the lectotype.” Nuculana ( Saccella ) alaeformis (Gabb), according to Moore (1983: A15–A16) who figured UCMP 32515, which was labeled “ paratype.” alata ( Gari ( Psammocola )) Gabb, 1866: 21, pl. 5, fig. 36. East end of Kirker's Pass, Contra Costa Co., California; Pliocene. Type Material: “ Type ” UCMP (Merriam 1895; missing (Keen & Bentson 1944: 50). Remarks: Sanguinolaria alata (Gabb), according to Keen & Bentson (1944: 50). Nuttallina alata (Gabb), according to Moore (2003b: 8–9). alta ( Myophoria ) Gabb, 1864a: 33, pl. 6, fig. 33. Dun Glen, Sierra District, Humboldt Co., Nevada; Triassic. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 30797 (Richards 1968: 31). Remarks: Guineana alta (Gabb), according to Skwarko (1967: 59). alta ( Pharella ) Gabb, 1864b: 147, pl. 22, fig. 118. Hills west of Martinez, Contra Costa Co., California; Cretaceous (Division A). Type Material: Lectotype ANSP 4557 of Saul (1989: 197, fig. 29). Remarks: “ Pharella alta ” according to Stewart (1930: 293, pl. 5, fig. 11), who noted that his figure of the type specimen is the opposite valve from the one represented by the original figure. Adelodonaxaltus altus (Gabb), according to Saul (1989: 197–198, figs. 29–41), who also provided many views of this species, including the previously unphotographed lectotype (fig. 29), a "butterflied" specimen. alticosta (? Cardita ) Gabb, 1869d: 268, pl. 36, fig. 16. Sierra de las Conchas, near Arivechi, Sonora, Mexico; Cretaceous. Type Material: “Types?” ANSP 4750 (Richards 1968: 31). Remarks: Junior synonym of Ludbrookia arivechensis (Heilprin, 1891), according to Scott (1977: 1154–1157, pl. 1, figs. 1 –6), who figured the lectotype (ANSP 4763) and a paralectotype (ANSP 4750). Perrilliat (1989: fig. 118) reproduced Gabb's figure. Note: Gabb's name is very similar in spelling to but not equivalent to Cardita alticostata Conrad, 1833, not Cardita alticostata d’Orbigny, 1850, preoccupied. altirostris ( Arca ) Gabb, 1861b: 325, unfigured. Crosswicks, Burlington Co., New Jersey; Cretaceous. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 19573 (Richards 1968: 31). Remarks: Species is based on a cast. Whitfield (1885: 82– 83, pl. 12, figs. 22–23 [same pagination and illustrations for Whitfield 1886]) figured the type specimen. Junior synonym of Arca quindecemradiata Gabb, 1860, according to Weller (1907: 410). amazonensis ( Tellina ) Gabb, 1869e: 198, pl. 16, fig. 4. Pebas, on Ambiyacu River [= Ampiyacu River], two miles above confluence with Marañon River [= Amazon River], Loreto Prov., Peru; Pebas Formation, so-called Pliocene? = Miocene (Wesselingh 2006: 243). Type Material: Type material not located. Remarks: Anisothyris amazonensis (Gabb), according to Willard (1966: 66–68). Pachydon amazonensis (Gabb), according to Wesselingh (2006: 243). americana ( Gastrochaena ) Gabb, 1860i: 393, pl. 68, fig. 20. Brown Marl, Timber Creek, boundary between Gloucester and Camden counties, New Jersey; so-called Cretaceous = Paleocene [Vincentown Formation (Palmer & Brann 1965: 163)]. Type Material: Syntypes ANSP 13403 (Palmer & Brann 1965: 163). Remarks: Polorthus americana (Gabb), according to Gabb (1861c: 367). Gabb (1872a: 259) reassigned P. americana to the Cephalopoda and made Polorthus the type genus of the new family Polorthidae as he believed that suture-like grooves separating annulations on the exterior of the tube indicated a chambered, septate conch. According to Stephenson (1937: 58) this was in error and he demonstrated that P. americana is an external, protective calcareous tube secreted by a boring bivalve. Kummelia americana (Gabb), according to Stephenson (1937: 61, text figs. 1 –8). angulata (? Chione ) Gabb, 1864b: 213–214, pl. 32, fig. 281. West of Martinez, Contra Costa Co., California; Cretaceous (Division A). Type Material: Holotype ANSP 4386 (Stewart 1930: 220; Richards 1968: 31, 101). Remarks: Holotype figured by Stewart (1930: 220–221, pl. 1, fig. 6). Nellita angulata (Gabb), according to Saul (1973: 11). Plastoholotype (without any matrix surrounding it) figured by Saul (1973: 11, pl. 2, fig. 2). angulata ( Leda ) Gabb, 1860a: 95, pl. 2, fig. 12. [Junior homonym of Leda angulata d’Orbigny, 1830] Green Marl, Burlington Co., New Jersey; Cretaceous. Type Material: “ Type ” ANSP 18723 (Richards 1968: 32). Remarks: Nemodon angulatum (Gabb), according to Gabb (1876b: 316) and Whitfield (1885: 84–85, pl. 12, figs. 6–7 [same pagination and illustrations for Whitfield 1886]) who also figured the type. Weller (1907: 388–389, pl. 30, fig. 15) reproduced Whitfield’s type figure. Richards (1958c: 72–73, pl. 11, fig. 10) figured the type. angulicosta ( Trigonia ) Gabb, 1876b: 312–313, unfigured. Pataula Creek, Clay Co., Georgia; Cretaceous. Type Material: “ Types ” ANSP (Richards 1968: 32). Remarks: Pterotrigonia ( Scabrotrigona ) angulicosta (Gabb), according to Rindsberg (2000). Gabb’s species was used as the type species of Eufalagonia Cooper (2015: 31). annulatum ( Cardium ( Laevicardium )) Gabb, 1864b: 171, pl. 23, fig. 152. Curry’s, south of Martinez or Mt. Diablo, Contra Costa Co., California; Cretaceous (Division A). Type Material: Holotype ANSP 4382 (Richards 1968: 32). Remarks: Original illustration reproduced by Gabb (1869b: 187, pl. 30, fig. 81). Thetironia annulata (Gabb), according to Stewart (1930: 279–280). Stewart’s figured specimen (pl. 1, fig. 8) “although smaller, agrees so well with the original figure, particularly in having the posterior dorsal region covered with matrix, that it is considered the holotype.” antestriata ( Crassatella ) Gabb, 1860i: 388, pl. 67, fig. 53. Wheelock, Robertson Co., Texas; Eocene = Wheelock Member, Cook Mountain Formation, Claiborne Group (Palmer & Brann 1965: 99). Type Material: Holotype and three paratypes ANSP 13529 (Palmer & Brann 1965: 99), four syntypes (P. Callomon pers. comm., 2017). Remarks: Holotype figured by Palmer & Brann (1965: 99, pl. 2, figs. 6–7) four syntypes (P. Callomon pers. comm., 2017). antiqua ( Meleagrina ) Gabb, 1869b: 192–193, pl. 31, fig. 89. Departure Bay, Nanaimo, Vancouver Id., British Columbia, Canada; Cretaceous. Type Material: Missing (Stewart 1930: 7). antiqua ( Rocellaria ) Gabb, 1861d: 368–369, unfigured. James River, Virginia; Miocene. Type Material: Type material not located. Remarks: Dall (1898: 826) noted that Gabb’s description closely matched Gastrochaena cuneiformis Spengler, 1783 from the Pliocene/Pleistocene of the southeastern United States but did not synonymize the two species. aperta ( Goniomya ) Gabb, 1869f: 11, pl. 6, fig. 8. Volcano Mining District, Mineral Co., Nevada [about 30 mi. SE of Walker Lake]; Triassic or Jurassic. Type Material: Type material not located. Remarks : The two specimens upon which this species is based represent "float" material derived from both Triassic and Jurassic rocks, hence the unknown age. appressa ( Astarte ) Gabb, 1869f: 12–13, pl. 5, fig. 10. Volcano Mining District, Mineral Co., Nevada [about 30 mi. SE of Walker Lake]; Triassic or Jurassic. Type Material: Type material not located. Remarks : The specimen upon which this species is based represents "float" material derived from both Triassic and Jurassic rocks, hence the unknown age. This also brings into question the validity of this species. appressa ( Lima ) Gabb, 1864b: 203, pl. 31, fig. 271. San Luis Gonzaga Ranch, Santa Clara and Merced counties, California; Cretaceous (Division A), “Chico Group.” Type Material: Holotype MCZ 12073 of Stewart (1930: 126). Remarks: Type locality listed erroneously as Pt. Loma, San Diego Co., California (Cooper 1894: 61) and Phoenix, Jackson Co., Oregon (Anderson 1902: 31). appressa ( Ostrea ) Gabb, 1869b: 203–204, pl. 34, figs. 104–104a. Eel River at Salt Creek mouth, southwest of Round Valley, Mendocino Co., California; so-called Cretaceous = Eocene? or Oligocene and Miocene (Moore 1987: C33). Type Material: Syntype MCZ 15013 (Stewart 1930: 127–128, pl. 13, fig. 1); missing and presumed lost (Moore 1987: C33); paratype MCZ 112951 (MCZ online database). Remarks: Stewart (1930: 127–128) noted that MCZ 15013 “is about the size of the original figure and may have served as the basis of that figure, but it is not sufficiently close enough to be cited as the holotype.” Striostrea ? appressa (Gabb), according to Moore (1987: C33, pl. 12, fig. 3; pl. 16, fig. 5), who reproduced Gabb’s original figures. White (1884: 291–292, pl. 39, fig. 9) reproduced Gabb’s original (1869b) figure and suggested that it is probably the same as O. idriaensis . appressa (? Schizodesma ) Gabb, 1876b: 306–307, unfigured. Pataula Creek, Clay Co., Georgia; Cretaceous. Type Material: Ty : Published as part of Groves, Lindsey T. & Squires, Richard L., 2018, Annotated Catalog of the Fossil Invertebrates Described by, and Named for, William More Gabb (1839 - 1878), pp. 1-150 in Zootaxa 4534 (1) on pages 18-59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4534.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3771206 : {"references": ["Guppy, R. J. L. (1866) On the Tertiary Mollusca of Jamaica. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 22, 281 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022336000018400", "Anderson, L. C. (1996) Neogene paleontology in the northern Dominican Republic. 16. The family Corbulidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Bulletins of American Paleontology, 110, 1 - 34.", "Oliver, P. G. & Frey, M. A. (2014) Ascetoaxinus quatsinoensis sp. et gen. nov. (Bivalvia: Thyasirroidea) from Vancouver Island, with notes on Conchocele Gabb, 1866, and Channelaxinus Valentich-Scott & Coan, 2012. 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