Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations
The Southern Ocean overturning circulation is driven by both winds and buoyancy from freshwater sources, and among these sources of freshwater, Antarctic sea-ice formation and melting play the dominant role (followed by precipitation). Even though ice-shelf melt is relatively small in magnitude, it...
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.3406735 2023-05-15T13:52:51+02:00 Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations Jeong, Hyein Asay-Davis, Xylar Turner, Adrian Comeau, Darin Price, Stephen Abernathey, Ryan Veneziani, Milena Petersen, Mark Hoffman, Matthew Mazloff, Matthew Ringler, Todd 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406735 https://zenodo.org/record/3406735 unknown Zenodo https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406734 Open Access Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY freshwater fluxes water mass transformation Southern Ocean circulation E3SM Text Journal article article-journal ScholarlyArticle 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406735 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406734 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z The Southern Ocean overturning circulation is driven by both winds and buoyancy from freshwater sources, and among these sources of freshwater, Antarctic sea-ice formation and melting play the dominant role (followed by precipitation). Even though ice-shelf melt is relatively small in magnitude, it is located close to regions of convection, where it may also have an influence on dense water formation. Here, we explore the impacts of ice-shelf melting on Southern Ocean water mass transformation (WMT) using simulations from the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) both with and without the explicit representation of melt fluxes from beneath Antarctic ice shelves. We find that ice-shelf melting produces upwelling of Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) and this upwelled water is directly converted to lower density values. While the overall differences in Southern Ocean WMT between the two simulations are moderate, freshwater fluxes produced by ice-shelf melting have a further, indirect impact on the Southern Ocean overturning circulation through their interaction with sea-ice formation and melting, which also cause considerable upwelling. We further find that surface freshening and cooling by ice-shelf melting causes increased Antarctic sea-ice production and stronger density stratification near the Antarctic coast. The increased stratification reduces vertical heat transport from the deeper ocean, trapping warmer water at depth. Although the addition of ice-shelf melting processes leads to no significant changes in Southern Ocean WMT, the simulations and analysis conducted here imply that increased Antarctic ice-shelf melting in recent decades has likely increased the role of sea ice in Southern Ocean overturning. Text Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
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Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
freshwater fluxes water mass transformation Southern Ocean circulation E3SM |
spellingShingle |
freshwater fluxes water mass transformation Southern Ocean circulation E3SM Jeong, Hyein Asay-Davis, Xylar Turner, Adrian Comeau, Darin Price, Stephen Abernathey, Ryan Veneziani, Milena Petersen, Mark Hoffman, Matthew Mazloff, Matthew Ringler, Todd Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations |
topic_facet |
freshwater fluxes water mass transformation Southern Ocean circulation E3SM |
description |
The Southern Ocean overturning circulation is driven by both winds and buoyancy from freshwater sources, and among these sources of freshwater, Antarctic sea-ice formation and melting play the dominant role (followed by precipitation). Even though ice-shelf melt is relatively small in magnitude, it is located close to regions of convection, where it may also have an influence on dense water formation. Here, we explore the impacts of ice-shelf melting on Southern Ocean water mass transformation (WMT) using simulations from the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) both with and without the explicit representation of melt fluxes from beneath Antarctic ice shelves. We find that ice-shelf melting produces upwelling of Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) and this upwelled water is directly converted to lower density values. While the overall differences in Southern Ocean WMT between the two simulations are moderate, freshwater fluxes produced by ice-shelf melting have a further, indirect impact on the Southern Ocean overturning circulation through their interaction with sea-ice formation and melting, which also cause considerable upwelling. We further find that surface freshening and cooling by ice-shelf melting causes increased Antarctic sea-ice production and stronger density stratification near the Antarctic coast. The increased stratification reduces vertical heat transport from the deeper ocean, trapping warmer water at depth. Although the addition of ice-shelf melting processes leads to no significant changes in Southern Ocean WMT, the simulations and analysis conducted here imply that increased Antarctic ice-shelf melting in recent decades has likely increased the role of sea ice in Southern Ocean overturning. |
format |
Text |
author |
Jeong, Hyein Asay-Davis, Xylar Turner, Adrian Comeau, Darin Price, Stephen Abernathey, Ryan Veneziani, Milena Petersen, Mark Hoffman, Matthew Mazloff, Matthew Ringler, Todd |
author_facet |
Jeong, Hyein Asay-Davis, Xylar Turner, Adrian Comeau, Darin Price, Stephen Abernathey, Ryan Veneziani, Milena Petersen, Mark Hoffman, Matthew Mazloff, Matthew Ringler, Todd |
author_sort |
Jeong, Hyein |
title |
Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations |
title_short |
Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations |
title_full |
Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean from E3SM simulations |
title_sort |
impacts of ice-shelf melting on water mass transformation in the southern ocean from e3sm simulations |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406735 https://zenodo.org/record/3406735 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406734 |
op_rights |
Open Access Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406735 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3406734 |
_version_ |
1766257606600425472 |