Radiographic Findings In Joint Disease In Three Brown Bears

• Main Authors: Aminkov, Bogdan, Nanev, Petar, Aminkov, Konstantin
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Zenodo 2018
• Subjects: osteoarthritis, X-ray examination, lameness, joint, hip, bear; Canfield; Saunders; Ursus arctos
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1217774; https://zenodo.org/record/1217774

Radiographic examinations were performed on the hip, knee and elbow joints of three brown bears.The study was conducted in the Dancing Bear Park, in the town of Belitsa, Bulgaria. All tested bears were limping and had abnormal gait. All X-rays indicated osteoarthritis and degenerative changes. A correlation between the X-ray findings and the level of lameness was established. : {"references": ["Aminkov B., Mehandzhiyski N., Zlateva-Panayotova N., Aminkov K., Marinov G. (2017). Physiological effects of balanced anesthesia during dental procedures in brown bears (ursus arctos) Acta Veterinaria-Beograd, 67 (3), 331\u2013339", "Canfield P. J, Spencer A. J (1993). Secondary degenerative arthropathy (osteoarthrosis) of the hip joints in aging, free-living koalas. Australian Veterinary Journal 70(10): 394\u2013395.", "Colman R.J, Binkley N. (2002). Skeletal aging in macaque monkeys. Interdisciplinary Top Gerontology, 31: 32\u201347.", "Erwin J. M., Hof P. R., Ely J. J, Perl D. P. (2002). One gerontology: advancing understanding of aging through studies of great apes and other primates. Interdisciplinary Top Gerontology\u0440 31: 1\u201321.", "George P. O., Rajan A, Varkey C. A, Balagopalan T. P., Rajankutty K. (1990). Osteoarthritis in an elephant (Elephas Maximus Indicus). Journal of Veterinary and AnimalSciences 21(1): 157\u2013 159.", "Jack S. W, Thacker H. L. (1985). Degenerative joint disease in a Nile hippopotamus. American Veterinary Medical Association. Journal 187(11): 135.", "J\u00e9r\u00f4me F\u00f6llmi von Genf-Stadt (2005). Symptoms, radiographic examinations and pathologies: development of a scoring system to evaluate physical condition and quality of life in geriatric zoo mammals. http://www.tierschutz.vetsuisse.unibe.ch/e191756/e224004/e224515/e239752/Diss_ Foellmi_ger_eng.pdf.", "Kealy J. K, Mc Allister H. (2000). Bones and joints. In: Diagnostic radiology and ultrasonography of the dog and cat. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: 253\u2013338.", "Kirberger R. M., Fourie S. L. (1998). Elbow dysplasia in the dog. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 69(2): 43\u201354.", "Kitchener A. C. (2004). The problems of old bears in zoos. International Zoo News 51(5): 282\u2013 293.", "Nichols K. A, Zihlman A. L. (2002). Skeletal and dental evidence of aging in captive western lowland gorillas: a preliminary report. Interdisciplinary Top Gerontology; 31: 22\u201331.", "Slatter D. (2003). Osteoarthritis. In: Textbook of small animal surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: 2208\u20132245.", "Straw B. E, D'allaire S., Mengeling W. L. (1999). Diseases of the nervous and locomotor systems. In: Diseases of swine. 8th ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa state university press: 861\u2013882."]}