Integrating Bioremediation And Phytoremediation To Clean Up Polychlorinated Biphenyls Contaminated Soils

• Main Authors: Petruzzelli, G., Pedron, F., Rosellini, I., Tassi, E., Gorini, F., Barbafieri, M.
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Zenodo 2012
• Subjects: contaminated soil; feasibility test; phytoremediation; polychlorinated biphenyls; Arctic; Carmona; Colombo; Shena
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1074302; https://zenodo.org/record/1074302

This work involved the use of phytoremediation to remediate an aged soil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). At microcosm scale, tests were prepared using soil samples that have been collected in an industrial area with a total PCBs concentration of about 250 μg kg-1. Medicago sativa and Lolium italicum were the species selected in this study that is used as "feasibility test" for full scale remediation. The experiment was carried out with the addition of a mixture of randomly methylatedbeta- cyclodextrins (RAMEB). At the end of the experiment analysis of soil samples showed that in general the presence of plants has led to a higher degradation of most congeners with respect to not vegetated soil. The two plant species efficiencies were comparable and improved by RAMEB addition with a final reduction of total PCBs near to 50%. With increasing the chlorination of the congeners the removal percentage of PCBs progressively decreased. : {"references": ["J. Wiegel, and W. Qingzhong, \"Microbial reductive dehalogenation of\npolychlorinated biphenyls,\" Fems Microbial Ecology, vol. 32, pp. 1-15,\n2000.", "D. L. Bedard, \"Polychlorinated biphenyls in aquatic sediments:\nenvironmental fate and outlook for biological treatment\",\ndehalogenation: microbial processes and environmental applications,\nM.M. Haggblom and I. Bossert, Eds., Kluwer Press, 2003, pp.443-465.", "J. U. Skaare, H. J. Larsen, E. Lie, A. Bernhoft, A. E. Derocher, and R.\nNorstrom, \"Ecological risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants in\nthe arctic,\" Toxicology, vol. 181-182, pp. 193-197, 2002.", "J. Petrik, B. Drobna, M. Pavuk, S. Jursa, S. Wimmerova, and J.\nChovancova, \"Serum PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in Slovakia:\nage, gender, and residence as determinants of organochlorine\nconcentrations,\" Chemosphere, vol. 65, pp. 410-418, 2006.", "A. Chehregani, M. Noori, and H. L. Yazdi, \"Phytoremediation of heavymetal-\npolluted soils: Screening for new accumulator plants in Angouran\nmine (Iran) and evaluation of removal ability,\" Ecotox. Environ. Saf.,\nvol. 72, pp. 1349-1353, 2009.", "A. A. Juwarkar, and H. P. Jambhulkar, \"Phytoremediation of coal mine\nspoil dump through integrated biotechnological approach,\" Biores.\nTechnol., vol. 99, pp. 4732-4741, 2008.", "F. Pedron, G. Petruzzelli, M. Barbafieri, and E. Tassi, \"Strategies to use\nphytoextraction in very acidic soil contaminated by heavy metals,\"\nChemosphere, vol. 75, pp. 808-814, 2009.", "E. Tassi, F. Pedron, M. Barbafieri, and G. Petruzzelli, \"Phosphateassisted\nphytoextraction in As-contaminated soil,\" Eng. Life Sci., vol. 4,\npp. 341-346, 2004.", "J. Rezek, C. Wiesche, M. Mackova, F. Zadrazil, and T. Macek, \"The\neffect of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) on decrease of PAH content in long\nterm contaminated soil,\" Chemosphere, vol. 70, pp. 1603-1608, 2008.\n[10] S. N. Golubev, A. V. Scheludko, A. Y. Muratova, O. E. Makarov, and\nO. V. Turkovskaya, \"Assessing the potential of Rhizobacteria to survive\nunder phenanthrene pollution,\" Water Air Soil Pollut., vol. 198, pp. 5-\n16, 2009.\n[11] Y H. Su, and X. Y. Yang, \"Interactions between selected PAHs and the\nmicrobial community in rhizosphere of a paddy soil,\" Sci. Tot. Environ.,\nvol. 407, pp. 1027-1034, 2009.\n[12] H. Liu, D. Weisman, Y. Ye, B. Cui, Y. Huang, A. Col\u251c\u2593n-Carmona, and\nZ. Wang, \"An oxidative stress response to polycyclic aromatic\nhydrocarbon exposure is rapid and complex in Arabidopsis thaliana,\"\nPlant Sci., vol. 176, pp. 375-382, 2009.\n[13] F. Pedron, and G. Petruzzelli, \"Green remediation strategies to improve\nthe quality of contaminated soils,\" Chem. Ecol., vol. 27, pp. 89-95,\n2011.\n[14] S. H. Lee, W. S. Lee, C. H. Lee, and J. G. Kim, \"Degradation of\nphenanthrene and pyrenein rhizosphere of grasses and legumes,\" J.\nHazard. Mater., vol. 153, pp. 892-898, 2008.\n[15] Y. Wang, and H. Oyaizu, \"Evaluation of the phytoremediation potential\nof four plant species for dibenzofuran-contaminated soil,\" J. Hazard.\nMater., vol. 168, pp. 760-764, 2009.\n[16] T. Chekol, L. R. Vough, and R.L. Chaney, \"Phytoremediation of\npolychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soils: the rhizosphere effect,\"\nEnviron. Int., vol. 30, pp. 799-804, 2004.\n[17] C. Shena, X. Tang, S. A. Cheema, C. Zhang, M. I. Khan, F. Liang, X.\nChen, Y. Zhu, Q. Lin, and Y. Chen, \"Enhanced phytoremediation\npotential of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated soil from e-waste\nrecycling area in the presence of randomly methylated-betacyclodextrins,\"\nJ. Hazard. Mater., vol. 172, pp. 1671-1676, 2009.\n[18] E. M. Martin del Valle, \"Cyclodextrins and their uses: a review,\"\nProcess Biochem., vol. 39, pp. 1033-1046, 2004.\n[19] F. Fava, and F. Grassi, \"Cyclodextrins enhance the aerobic degradation\nand dechlorination of low-chlorinated biphenyls,\" Biotechnol. Technol.,\nvol. 10, pp. 291-296, 1996.\n[20] F. Fava, D. D. Gioia, L. Marchetti, E. Fenyvesi, and J. Szejtli,\n\"Randomly methylatedcyclodextrins (RAMEB) enhance the aerobic\nbiodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyl in aged-contaminated soils,\"\nJ. Incl. Phenom. Macro., vol. 44, pp. 417-421, 2002.\n[21] F. Fava, and V. F. Ciccotosto, \"Effects of randomly methylated-betacyclodextrins\n(RAMEB) on the bioavailability and aerobic\nbiodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in three pristine soils spiked\nwith a transformer oil,\" Appl. Microbial. Biotechnol., vol. 58, pp. 393-\n399, 2002.\n[22] SSSA (Soil Science Society of America). Methods of soil analysis,\nMadison, Wisconsin, Soil Science Society of America, 1996.\n[23] United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), \"Pressurized\nfluid extraction (PFE),\" Method 3545, USEPA SW-846, 1996.\n[24] United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA),\n\"Semivolatile organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass\nspectrometry (GC/MS),\" Method 8270D, USEPA SW-846, 2007.\n[25] L. Gianfreda, M. A. Rao, A. Piotrowska, G. Palumbo, and C. Colombo,\n\"Soil enzyme activities as affected by anthropogenic alterations:\nintensive agriculture practices and organic pollution,\" Sci. Total\nEnviron., vol. 341, pp. 265-279, 2005.\n[26] M. Singh, R. Sharma, and U. C. Banerjee, \"Biotchnological application\nof cyclodextrins,\" Biotech. Adv., vol. 20, pp. 341-359, 2002."]}