Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole
There is long research interest in electron-induced reactions of halogenated molecules. It has been two decades since the cosmic-ray (CR) driven electron-induced reaction (CRE) mechanism for the ozone hole formation was proposed. The derived CRE equation with stratospheric equivalent chlorine level...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
arXiv
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.10940 |
id |
ftdatacite:10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 2023-05-15T13:33:32+02:00 Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole Lu, Qing-Bin 2021 https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.10940 unknown arXiv https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0047661 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics physics.ao-ph Earth and Planetary Astrophysics astro-ph.EP Chemical Physics physics.chem-ph FOS Physical sciences article-journal Article ScholarlyArticle Text 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0047661 2022-03-10T14:52:37Z There is long research interest in electron-induced reactions of halogenated molecules. It has been two decades since the cosmic-ray (CR) driven electron-induced reaction (CRE) mechanism for the ozone hole formation was proposed. The derived CRE equation with stratospheric equivalent chlorine level and CR intensity as only two variables has well reproduced the observed data of stratospheric O3 and temperatures over the past 40 years. The CRE predictions of 11-year cyclic variations of the Antarctic O3 hole and associated stratospheric cooling have also been well confirmed. Measured altitude profiles of ozone and temperatures in Antarctic ozone holes provide convincing fingerprints of the CRE mechanism. A quantitative estimate indicates that the CRE-produced Cl atoms could completely deplete or even over-kill ozone in the CR-peak polar stratospheric region, consistent with observed altitude profiles of severest Antarctic ozone holes. After removing the natural CR effect, the hidden recovery in the Antarctic O3 hole since around 1995 is clearly discovered, while the recovery of O3 loss at mid-latitudes is being delayed by >=10 years. These results have provided strong evidence of the CRE mechanism. If the CR intensity keeps the current rising trend, the Antarctic O3 hole will return to the 1980 level by around 2060, while the returning of the O3 layer at mid-latitudes to the 1980 level will largely be delayed or will not even occur by the end of this century. The results strongly indicate that the CRE mechanism must be considered as a key factor in evaluating the O3 hole. : 23 pages, 8 figures Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics physics.ao-ph Earth and Planetary Astrophysics astro-ph.EP Chemical Physics physics.chem-ph FOS Physical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics physics.ao-ph Earth and Planetary Astrophysics astro-ph.EP Chemical Physics physics.chem-ph FOS Physical sciences Lu, Qing-Bin Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics physics.ao-ph Earth and Planetary Astrophysics astro-ph.EP Chemical Physics physics.chem-ph FOS Physical sciences |
description |
There is long research interest in electron-induced reactions of halogenated molecules. It has been two decades since the cosmic-ray (CR) driven electron-induced reaction (CRE) mechanism for the ozone hole formation was proposed. The derived CRE equation with stratospheric equivalent chlorine level and CR intensity as only two variables has well reproduced the observed data of stratospheric O3 and temperatures over the past 40 years. The CRE predictions of 11-year cyclic variations of the Antarctic O3 hole and associated stratospheric cooling have also been well confirmed. Measured altitude profiles of ozone and temperatures in Antarctic ozone holes provide convincing fingerprints of the CRE mechanism. A quantitative estimate indicates that the CRE-produced Cl atoms could completely deplete or even over-kill ozone in the CR-peak polar stratospheric region, consistent with observed altitude profiles of severest Antarctic ozone holes. After removing the natural CR effect, the hidden recovery in the Antarctic O3 hole since around 1995 is clearly discovered, while the recovery of O3 loss at mid-latitudes is being delayed by >=10 years. These results have provided strong evidence of the CRE mechanism. If the CR intensity keeps the current rising trend, the Antarctic O3 hole will return to the 1980 level by around 2060, while the returning of the O3 layer at mid-latitudes to the 1980 level will largely be delayed or will not even occur by the end of this century. The results strongly indicate that the CRE mechanism must be considered as a key factor in evaluating the O3 hole. : 23 pages, 8 figures |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lu, Qing-Bin |
author_facet |
Lu, Qing-Bin |
author_sort |
Lu, Qing-Bin |
title |
Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole |
title_short |
Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole |
title_full |
Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole |
title_fullStr |
Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fingerprints of the Cosmic Ray Driven Mechanism of the Ozone Hole |
title_sort |
fingerprints of the cosmic ray driven mechanism of the ozone hole |
publisher |
arXiv |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.10940 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0047661 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.10940 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0047661 |
_version_ |
1766043171591028736 |