Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland
Partial melting of asthenospheric mantle generates magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstructural measurements of permeability typically suggest relatively slow melt extraction (1 m/yr) whereas geochemical (Uranium-decay...
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.08318 https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.08318 |
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ftdatacite:10.48550/arxiv.1910.08318 2023-05-15T16:48:13+02:00 Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland Jones, David W. Rees Rudge, John F. 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.08318 https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.08318 unknown arXiv https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 arXiv.org perpetual, non-exclusive license http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ Geophysics physics.geo-ph Fluid Dynamics physics.flu-dyn FOS Physical sciences article-journal Article ScholarlyArticle Text 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.08318 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 2022-03-10T16:34:35Z Partial melting of asthenospheric mantle generates magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstructural measurements of permeability typically suggest relatively slow melt extraction (1 m/yr) whereas geochemical (Uranium-decay series) and geophysical observations suggest much faster melt extraction (100 m/yr). The deglaciation of Iceland triggered additional mantle melting and magma flux at the surface. The rapid response has been used to argue for relatively rapid melt extraction. However, this episode must, at least to some extent, be unrepresentative, because the rates of magma eruption at the surface increased about thirty-fold relative to the steady state. Our goal is to quantify this unrepresentativeness. We develop a one-dimensional, time-dependent and nonlinear (far from steady-state), model forced by the most recent, and best mapped, Icelandic deglaciation. We find that 30 m/yr is the best estimate of the steady-state maximum melt velocity. This is a factor of about 3 smaller than previously claimed, but still relatively fast. We translate these estimates to other mid-ocean ridges accounting for differences in passive and active upwelling and degree of melting. We find that fast melt extraction greater than about 10 m/yr prevails globally. : Accepted for publication in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2020). Total 17 pages and 5 figures (including Supplementary Material) Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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topic |
Geophysics physics.geo-ph Fluid Dynamics physics.flu-dyn FOS Physical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Geophysics physics.geo-ph Fluid Dynamics physics.flu-dyn FOS Physical sciences Jones, David W. Rees Rudge, John F. Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
topic_facet |
Geophysics physics.geo-ph Fluid Dynamics physics.flu-dyn FOS Physical sciences |
description |
Partial melting of asthenospheric mantle generates magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstructural measurements of permeability typically suggest relatively slow melt extraction (1 m/yr) whereas geochemical (Uranium-decay series) and geophysical observations suggest much faster melt extraction (100 m/yr). The deglaciation of Iceland triggered additional mantle melting and magma flux at the surface. The rapid response has been used to argue for relatively rapid melt extraction. However, this episode must, at least to some extent, be unrepresentative, because the rates of magma eruption at the surface increased about thirty-fold relative to the steady state. Our goal is to quantify this unrepresentativeness. We develop a one-dimensional, time-dependent and nonlinear (far from steady-state), model forced by the most recent, and best mapped, Icelandic deglaciation. We find that 30 m/yr is the best estimate of the steady-state maximum melt velocity. This is a factor of about 3 smaller than previously claimed, but still relatively fast. We translate these estimates to other mid-ocean ridges accounting for differences in passive and active upwelling and degree of melting. We find that fast melt extraction greater than about 10 m/yr prevails globally. : Accepted for publication in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2020). Total 17 pages and 5 figures (including Supplementary Material) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jones, David W. Rees Rudge, John F. |
author_facet |
Jones, David W. Rees Rudge, John F. |
author_sort |
Jones, David W. Rees |
title |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_short |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_full |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_sort |
fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of iceland |
publisher |
arXiv |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.08318 https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.08318 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 |
op_rights |
arXiv.org perpetual, non-exclusive license http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.08318 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 |
_version_ |
1766038319532081152 |