Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos
Ultra-high energy neutrinos are detectable through impulsive radio signals generated through interactions in dense media, such as ice. Subsurface in-ice radio arrays are a promising way to advance the observation and measurement of astrophysical high-energy neutrinos with energies above those discov...
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ftdatacite:10.48550/arxiv.1809.04573 2023-05-15T18:23:17+02:00 Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos Allison, P. Archambault, S. Bard, R. Beatty, J. J. Beheler-Amass, M. Besson, D. Z. Beydler, M. Bogdan, M. Chen, C. -C. Chen, C. -H. Chen, P. Clark, B. A. Clough, A. Connolly, A. Cremonesi, L. Davies, J. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Friedman, E. Hanson, J. Hanson, K. Haugen, J. Hoffman, K. D. Hokanson-Fasig, B. Hong, E. Hsu, S. -Y. Hu, L. Huang, J. -J. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Khandelwal, R. Kim, M. Kravchenko, I. Kruse, J. Kurusu, K. Landsman, H. Latif, U. A. Laundrie, A. Li, C. -J. Liu, T. C. Lu, M. -Y. Ludwig, A. Mase, K. Meures, T. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Nir, G. Oberla, E. OMurchadha, A. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Ransom, M. Ratzla, K. Roth, J. Sandstrom, P. Seckel, D. Shiao, Y. -S. Shultz, A. Smith, D. Song, M. Sullivan, M. Touart, J. Vieregg, A. G. Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Wei, K. Wissel, S. A. Yoshida, S. Young, R. 2018 https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.04573 https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.04573 unknown arXiv https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.067 arXiv.org perpetual, non-exclusive license http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics astro-ph.IM Instrumentation and Detectors physics.ins-det FOS Physical sciences article-journal Article ScholarlyArticle Text 2018 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.04573 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.067 2022-04-01T09:24:59Z Ultra-high energy neutrinos are detectable through impulsive radio signals generated through interactions in dense media, such as ice. Subsurface in-ice radio arrays are a promising way to advance the observation and measurement of astrophysical high-energy neutrinos with energies above those discovered by the IceCube detector ($\geq$1 PeV) as well as cosmogenic neutrinos created in the GZK process ($\geq$100 PeV). Here we describe the $\textit{NuPhase}$ detector, which is a compact receiving array of low-gain antennas deployed 185 m deep in glacial ice near the South Pole. Signals from the antennas are digitized and coherently summed into multiple beams to form a low-threshold interferometric phased array trigger for radio impulses. The NuPhase detector was installed at an Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) station during the 2017/18 Austral summer season. $\textit{In situ}$ measurements with an impulsive, point-source calibration instrument show a 50% trigger efficiency on impulses with voltage signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of $\le$2.0, a factor of $\sim$1.8 improvement in SNR over the standard ARA combinatoric trigger. Hardware-level simulations, validated with $\textit{in situ}$ measurements, predict a trigger threshold of an SNR as low as 1.6 for neutrino interactions that are in the far field of the array. With the already-achieved NuPhase trigger performance included in ARASim, a detector simulation for the ARA experiment, we find the trigger-level effective detector volume is increased by a factor of 1.8 at neutrino energies between 10 and 100 PeV compared to the currently used ARA combinatoric trigger. We also discuss an achievable near term path toward lowering the trigger threshold further to an SNR of 1.0, which would increase the effective single-station volume by more than a factor of 3 in the same range of neutrino energies. : 19 pages, 19 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A Text South pole DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Austral South Pole |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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topic |
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics astro-ph.IM Instrumentation and Detectors physics.ins-det FOS Physical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics astro-ph.IM Instrumentation and Detectors physics.ins-det FOS Physical sciences Allison, P. Archambault, S. Bard, R. Beatty, J. J. Beheler-Amass, M. Besson, D. Z. Beydler, M. Bogdan, M. Chen, C. -C. Chen, C. -H. Chen, P. Clark, B. A. Clough, A. Connolly, A. Cremonesi, L. Davies, J. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Friedman, E. Hanson, J. Hanson, K. Haugen, J. Hoffman, K. D. Hokanson-Fasig, B. Hong, E. Hsu, S. -Y. Hu, L. Huang, J. -J. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Khandelwal, R. Kim, M. Kravchenko, I. Kruse, J. Kurusu, K. Landsman, H. Latif, U. A. Laundrie, A. Li, C. -J. Liu, T. C. Lu, M. -Y. Ludwig, A. Mase, K. Meures, T. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Nir, G. Oberla, E. OMurchadha, A. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Ransom, M. Ratzla, K. Roth, J. Sandstrom, P. Seckel, D. Shiao, Y. -S. Shultz, A. Smith, D. Song, M. Sullivan, M. Touart, J. Vieregg, A. G. Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Wei, K. Wissel, S. A. Yoshida, S. Young, R. Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos |
topic_facet |
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics astro-ph.IM Instrumentation and Detectors physics.ins-det FOS Physical sciences |
description |
Ultra-high energy neutrinos are detectable through impulsive radio signals generated through interactions in dense media, such as ice. Subsurface in-ice radio arrays are a promising way to advance the observation and measurement of astrophysical high-energy neutrinos with energies above those discovered by the IceCube detector ($\geq$1 PeV) as well as cosmogenic neutrinos created in the GZK process ($\geq$100 PeV). Here we describe the $\textit{NuPhase}$ detector, which is a compact receiving array of low-gain antennas deployed 185 m deep in glacial ice near the South Pole. Signals from the antennas are digitized and coherently summed into multiple beams to form a low-threshold interferometric phased array trigger for radio impulses. The NuPhase detector was installed at an Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) station during the 2017/18 Austral summer season. $\textit{In situ}$ measurements with an impulsive, point-source calibration instrument show a 50% trigger efficiency on impulses with voltage signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of $\le$2.0, a factor of $\sim$1.8 improvement in SNR over the standard ARA combinatoric trigger. Hardware-level simulations, validated with $\textit{in situ}$ measurements, predict a trigger threshold of an SNR as low as 1.6 for neutrino interactions that are in the far field of the array. With the already-achieved NuPhase trigger performance included in ARASim, a detector simulation for the ARA experiment, we find the trigger-level effective detector volume is increased by a factor of 1.8 at neutrino energies between 10 and 100 PeV compared to the currently used ARA combinatoric trigger. We also discuss an achievable near term path toward lowering the trigger threshold further to an SNR of 1.0, which would increase the effective single-station volume by more than a factor of 3 in the same range of neutrino energies. : 19 pages, 19 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A |
format |
Text |
author |
Allison, P. Archambault, S. Bard, R. Beatty, J. J. Beheler-Amass, M. Besson, D. Z. Beydler, M. Bogdan, M. Chen, C. -C. Chen, C. -H. Chen, P. Clark, B. A. Clough, A. Connolly, A. Cremonesi, L. Davies, J. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Friedman, E. Hanson, J. Hanson, K. Haugen, J. Hoffman, K. D. Hokanson-Fasig, B. Hong, E. Hsu, S. -Y. Hu, L. Huang, J. -J. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Khandelwal, R. Kim, M. Kravchenko, I. Kruse, J. Kurusu, K. Landsman, H. Latif, U. A. Laundrie, A. Li, C. -J. Liu, T. C. Lu, M. -Y. Ludwig, A. Mase, K. Meures, T. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Nir, G. Oberla, E. OMurchadha, A. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Ransom, M. Ratzla, K. Roth, J. Sandstrom, P. Seckel, D. Shiao, Y. -S. Shultz, A. Smith, D. Song, M. Sullivan, M. Touart, J. Vieregg, A. G. Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Wei, K. Wissel, S. A. Yoshida, S. Young, R. |
author_facet |
Allison, P. Archambault, S. Bard, R. Beatty, J. J. Beheler-Amass, M. Besson, D. Z. Beydler, M. Bogdan, M. Chen, C. -C. Chen, C. -H. Chen, P. Clark, B. A. Clough, A. Connolly, A. Cremonesi, L. Davies, J. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M. A. Friedman, E. Hanson, J. Hanson, K. Haugen, J. Hoffman, K. D. Hokanson-Fasig, B. Hong, E. Hsu, S. -Y. Hu, L. Huang, J. -J. Huang, M. -H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Khandelwal, R. Kim, M. Kravchenko, I. Kruse, J. Kurusu, K. Landsman, H. Latif, U. A. Laundrie, A. Li, C. -J. Liu, T. C. Lu, M. -Y. Ludwig, A. Mase, K. Meures, T. Nam, J. Nichol, R. J. Nir, G. Oberla, E. OMurchadha, A. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Ransom, M. Ratzla, K. Roth, J. Sandstrom, P. Seckel, D. Shiao, Y. -S. Shultz, A. Smith, D. Song, M. Sullivan, M. Touart, J. Vieregg, A. G. Wang, M. -Z. Wang, S. -H. Wei, K. Wissel, S. A. Yoshida, S. Young, R. |
author_sort |
Allison, P. |
title |
Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos |
title_short |
Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos |
title_full |
Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos |
title_fullStr |
Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos |
title_sort |
design and performance of an interferometric trigger array for radio detection of high-energy neutrinos |
publisher |
arXiv |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.04573 https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.04573 |
geographic |
Austral South Pole |
geographic_facet |
Austral South Pole |
genre |
South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.067 |
op_rights |
arXiv.org perpetual, non-exclusive license http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.04573 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.067 |
_version_ |
1766202849750941696 |