CLIMATE CHANGES AND STRUCTURE OF NEW BIRD SPECIES AT THE LAKE BAIKAL DEPRESSION (EASTERN SIBERIA)

• Main Author: Melnikov, Y.I.
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: English
• Published: Инфинити 2019
• Subjects: the depression of Lake Baikal; climate warming; changes in the structure of birds; a large number of vagrant species; changes in the areas of birds of near-water complexes; Tundra; Yakut; Siberia
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.34660/inf.2019.1.40975; http://naukarus.ru/public_html/wp-content/uploads/GB/Conference November 14 - Part 3.pdf#page=130

Based on many years of research, materials are given on climate warming in Eastern Siberia and, in particular, on Lake Baikal in the second half of the XX and beginning of the XXI centuries 1.9 С / 100 years, i.e. 2.7 times stronger than the average in the northern hemisphere of the Earth 0.7 C / 100 years. This caused strong changes in the boundaries of the areas and the appearance of a large number of new bird species 86 species out of 415 registered on Lake Baikal in the modern period and completely not characteristic of this region. It has been shown that mainly birds of wetland ecosystems are evicted. The northern borders of their areas shifted by 500 km or more, often reaching the Central Yakut lowland and of the tundra zone. At the same time, the high stability of the main species complexes characteristic of natural zones has been shown, the most part of the new species are birds of passage. The reasons for the mass evictions of birds of nearwater complexes are obvious these are the species of intrazonal habitats found in all natural zones and mountainridge belts. Evictions of steppe bird species are limited. They are redistributed within the initial areas with individual cases of flights to the north. Modern climate changes cannot yet be called global, since they are relatively weakly reflected on the borders of natural zones.