Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment
Many chemicals used in everyday personal care products are today amongst the most commonly detected compounds in surface waters throughout the world. Collectively referred to as micropollutants, they include paraben preservatives, organic UV filters, alkylphenols, triclosan, and bisphenol-A. Micropo...
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ftdatacite:10.26021/6632 2023-05-15T13:35:41+02:00 Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment Emnet, Philipp Johannes 2013 https://dx.doi.org/10.26021/6632 https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/8535 unknown University of Canterbury. Chemistry Copyright Philipp Johannes Emnet https://canterbury.libguides.com/rights/theses micropollutant personal care products coastal pollution sewage effluent New Zealand Antarctica CreativeWork article 2013 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.26021/6632 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Many chemicals used in everyday personal care products are today amongst the most commonly detected compounds in surface waters throughout the world. Collectively referred to as micropollutants, they include paraben preservatives, organic UV filters, alkylphenols, triclosan, and bisphenol-A. Micropollutants enter the aquatic environment predominantly via wastewater discharges. To date there has been only limited assessments on their presence and impacts in coastal environments. The wastewater treatment plants in Lyttelton, Governors Bay, and Diamond Harbour were found to discharge micropollutants into Whakaraupo Harbour. Similarly, the sewage effluents of the Antarctic research stations Scott Base and McMurdo Station were found to discharge micropollutants into Erebus Bay. Strong seasonal changes in the Whakaraupo effluent concentrations were observed, with concentrations higher in winter than in summer. Concentrations fluctuated greatly in Scott Base, reaching concentrations higher than have been previously reported internationally. The nine most commonly detected analytes were octylphenol, 4-MBC, BP-3, BP-1, triclosan, methyl triclosan, bisphenol-A, estrone, and coprostanol. The marine environments in Whakaraupo Harbour and Erebus Bay were found to be similarly impacted. The most commonly detected micropollutants in seawater in Whakaraupo Harbour were mParaben, 4-MBC, BP-3, OMC, bisphenol-A, and estrone. The marine sediments in Whakaraupo Harbour accumulated mParaben, octylphenol, 4-MBC, BP-3, BP-1, bisphenol-A, OMC, estrone, and coprostanol, while mussels bioaccumulated mParaben, octylphenol, and BP-3. The same range of micropollutants were detected in seawater throughout Erebus Bay, including the reference sites. Marine biota (clams, urchins, and fish), including those from the reference site, were shown to readily bioaccumulate mParaben, pParaben, octylphenol, BP-3, E2, EE2, and coprostanol. A much larger coastal area of Antarctica and New Zealand is therefore impacted than was previously thought. Photodegradation was identified as an important environmental degradation pathway for micropollutants. mParaben, BPA, EE2, and BP-3 are highly photo-stable, while triclosan and OP readily photodegrade. The low temperature and irradiance conditions in Antarctica were modelled to investigate their potential environmental persistence. Field measurements suggest the model may underestimate the photodegradation potential of some micropollutants. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic New Zealand McMurdo Station ENVELOPE(166.667,166.667,-77.850,-77.850) Scott Base ENVELOPE(166.766,166.766,-77.849,-77.849) Lyttelton ENVELOPE(164.650,164.650,-82.350,-82.350) Erebus Bay ENVELOPE(166.517,166.517,-77.733,-77.733) |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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topic |
micropollutant personal care products coastal pollution sewage effluent New Zealand Antarctica |
spellingShingle |
micropollutant personal care products coastal pollution sewage effluent New Zealand Antarctica Emnet, Philipp Johannes Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment |
topic_facet |
micropollutant personal care products coastal pollution sewage effluent New Zealand Antarctica |
description |
Many chemicals used in everyday personal care products are today amongst the most commonly detected compounds in surface waters throughout the world. Collectively referred to as micropollutants, they include paraben preservatives, organic UV filters, alkylphenols, triclosan, and bisphenol-A. Micropollutants enter the aquatic environment predominantly via wastewater discharges. To date there has been only limited assessments on their presence and impacts in coastal environments. The wastewater treatment plants in Lyttelton, Governors Bay, and Diamond Harbour were found to discharge micropollutants into Whakaraupo Harbour. Similarly, the sewage effluents of the Antarctic research stations Scott Base and McMurdo Station were found to discharge micropollutants into Erebus Bay. Strong seasonal changes in the Whakaraupo effluent concentrations were observed, with concentrations higher in winter than in summer. Concentrations fluctuated greatly in Scott Base, reaching concentrations higher than have been previously reported internationally. The nine most commonly detected analytes were octylphenol, 4-MBC, BP-3, BP-1, triclosan, methyl triclosan, bisphenol-A, estrone, and coprostanol. The marine environments in Whakaraupo Harbour and Erebus Bay were found to be similarly impacted. The most commonly detected micropollutants in seawater in Whakaraupo Harbour were mParaben, 4-MBC, BP-3, OMC, bisphenol-A, and estrone. The marine sediments in Whakaraupo Harbour accumulated mParaben, octylphenol, 4-MBC, BP-3, BP-1, bisphenol-A, OMC, estrone, and coprostanol, while mussels bioaccumulated mParaben, octylphenol, and BP-3. The same range of micropollutants were detected in seawater throughout Erebus Bay, including the reference sites. Marine biota (clams, urchins, and fish), including those from the reference site, were shown to readily bioaccumulate mParaben, pParaben, octylphenol, BP-3, E2, EE2, and coprostanol. A much larger coastal area of Antarctica and New Zealand is therefore impacted than was previously thought. Photodegradation was identified as an important environmental degradation pathway for micropollutants. mParaben, BPA, EE2, and BP-3 are highly photo-stable, while triclosan and OP readily photodegrade. The low temperature and irradiance conditions in Antarctica were modelled to investigate their potential environmental persistence. Field measurements suggest the model may underestimate the photodegradation potential of some micropollutants. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Emnet, Philipp Johannes |
author_facet |
Emnet, Philipp Johannes |
author_sort |
Emnet, Philipp Johannes |
title |
Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment |
title_short |
Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment |
title_full |
Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment |
title_fullStr |
Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Presence, Fate, and Behaviour of Emerging Micropollutants in the New Zealand and Antarctic Coastal Environment |
title_sort |
presence, fate, and behaviour of emerging micropollutants in the new zealand and antarctic coastal environment |
publisher |
University of Canterbury. Chemistry |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.26021/6632 https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/8535 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(166.667,166.667,-77.850,-77.850) ENVELOPE(166.766,166.766,-77.849,-77.849) ENVELOPE(164.650,164.650,-82.350,-82.350) ENVELOPE(166.517,166.517,-77.733,-77.733) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic New Zealand McMurdo Station Scott Base Lyttelton Erebus Bay |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic New Zealand McMurdo Station Scott Base Lyttelton Erebus Bay |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_rights |
Copyright Philipp Johannes Emnet https://canterbury.libguides.com/rights/theses |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26021/6632 |
_version_ |
1766068841596583936 |