Ecological-permafrost specificity designed gical-permafrost specificity designed

• Main Author: M. M. Shats
• Format: Dataset
• Language: Russian
• Published: Theoretical and Applied Ecology 2016
• Subjects: trunk gas pipeline system; the zone of influence of the pipeline; stages of territory development; frozen rocks; Urengoy; permafrost; Siberia
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.25750/1995-4301-2016-2-093-098; http://envjournal.ru/ari/v2016/v2/files/16212.pdf

In this article the specificity of hydrocarbon extraction in Siberia is shown, which is connected with the negative impact of production, transportation and processing of liquid and gaseous forms of the mineral on the environment. The purpose of this publication is to forecast the extent of transformation of the natural environment in the area of the designed main gas pipeline system (GTS) Novy Urengoy – Surgut – PRС (People’s Republic of China) «Altai» impact, and the main trends of its negative dynamics. The relevance of building the grand object is highlighted, as well as the history of the decision on its creation and prospects, complex natural and geotechnical situations of its zone of influence, etc. The article considers the data from survey reports and maps, as well as the results of direct observations of the Permafrost Institute scientists from 1970 up to and the current state. The analysis shows that the area under the impact of the pipeline has a variegated complex landscape structure. First of all, it is high seismicity and dynamics of permafrost conditions. Long-term permafrost in most of the tracks has a predominantly massive island-like, rarely interrupted distribution. On the basis of landscape cryo-indicational approach it was found that the thickness of long-term permafrost rocks varies from 30–50 m (at elevations of 1900–2200 m) up to 250–300 m (at altitudes of 2700–2900 m), depending on the composition of rocks, vegetation, exposure, etc. Geo-environmental problems have been defined, typical for all stages of the object creation and development of Western Siberia and Central Asia territory, which is connected with negative dynamics of the natural environment. In the conclusion it is noted, that in case of ignoring the information mentioned and the features identified, as well as lack of study of violations of the natural processes of heat and mass transfer in the rocks with changes in their properties consequences, would inevitably result in serious complications during the construction and operation of the hydraulic structures «Altai», their stability would be disturbed of and unsustainable economic costs of remedying the situation would be required.