СЕЗОННЫЙ РОСТ PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. И PICEA ABIES L. (KARST.) В ТАЁЖНОЙ ЗОНЕ (КАРЕЛИЯ) : SEASONAL GROWTH OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. AND PICEA ABIES L. IN THE TAIGA ZONE (KARELIA)

• Main Author: Кищенко, И.Т.
• Format: Text
• Language: Russian
• Published: ПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ 2020
• Subjects: рост; стебли; хвоя; стволы; Pinus; Picea; growth; stems; needles; trunks; karelia*; Northwest Russia; taiga
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.25686/2306-2827.2020.3.32; http://journals.volgatech.net/?journal=forest&page=article&op=view&path[]=651

Цель исследований − изучение сезонного роста деревьев Pinus sylvestris и Picea abies. Задачи – установить зависимость интенсивности и продолжительности формирования хвои, стеблей и стволов от температуры воздуха. Исследования показали, что первыми (в мае) трогаются в рост стебли, через 1–4 недели появляется молодая хвоя и начинается деление клеток камбия стволов. Кульминация роста вегетативных органов происходит в следующем порядке: стебли, стволы и хвоя. Установлено влияние температуры воздуха на динамику формирования изучаемых органов. : The authors studied the peculiarities of seasonal growth of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies during three vegetation periods in the zone of coniferous forests (Northwest Russia). The length of stems of shoots of the second order of branching from the southwestern part of the crown was measured at a height of about 2 m from the moment of swelling of vegetative buds. The length of needles was measured every 5 days from the moment of budding of vegetative buds until the complete cessation of growth (at the base of the same auxiblasts). To study the seasonal radial increment of trunk wood of each accounting tree, wood samples were taken every 5 days after the start of cambium activity. Results. The studies showed that the growth of vegetative organs of the studied species began according to a particular progression. In May, stems start to grow. In 1-4 weeks after that, new needles appear, and division of cells of cambium of trunks starts. Culmination of growth goes in the following order: stems, trunks, needles. At first, growth of stems ceases, than needles stop to grow and, at last, trunks. In comparison with Picea abies, growth of stems, needles and trunks of Pinus sylvestris begins 16, 15, 6 days earlier. Culmination of growth begins 30, 15, 11 days earlier. Growth of stems for both species ceases simultaneously. Growth of needles and trunks for Pinus sylvestris trees ceases 10 and 11 days earlier, in comparison with Picea abies. Growth of stems, needles and trunks of Pinus sylvestris begins and reaches its peak at the air temperature lower by 4-6 °С and the sum of positive temperatures lower by 100-500 °С than for Picea abies. The air temperature regime at the end of the vegetative organ growth period is almost equal. The period of Pinus sylvestris stems, needles and trunks forming is larger for 17, 9 and 24 days in comparison with Picea abies. Conclusion. The study showed that Pinus sylvestris was better adapted to the severe conditions of the taiga in comparison with Picea abies. : ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ: ЛЕС. ЭКОЛОГИЯ. ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ, Выпуск 3 (47) 2020, Pages 32-38