Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales
The past provides evidence of abrupt climate shifts and changes in the frequency of climate and weather extremes. We explore the nonlinear response to orbital forcing and then consider climate millennial variability down to daily weather events. Orbital changes are translated into regional responses...
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ftdatacite:10.23689/fidgeo-4647 2023-05-15T17:34:09+02:00 Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales Lohmann, Gerrit Butzin, Martin Eissner, Nina Shi, Xiaoxu Stepanek, Christian 2020 https://dx.doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-4647 https://e-docs.geo-leo.de/handle/11858/8993 en eng FID GEO Article article-journal Text ScholarlyArticle 2020 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-4647 2022-02-08T12:05:56Z The past provides evidence of abrupt climate shifts and changes in the frequency of climate and weather extremes. We explore the nonlinear response to orbital forcing and then consider climate millennial variability down to daily weather events. Orbital changes are translated into regional responses in temperature, where the precessional response is related to nonlinearities and seasonal biases in the system. We question regularities found in climate events by analyzing the distribution of interevent waiting times. Periodicities of about 900 and 1,150 yr are found in ice cores besides the prominent 1,500 yr cycle. However, the variability remains indistinguishable from a random process, suggesting that centennial-to-millennial variability is stochastic in nature. New numerical techniques are developed allowing for a high resolution in the dynamically relevant regions like coasts, major upwelling regions, and high latitudes. Using this model, we find a strong sensitivity of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation depending on where the deglacial meltwater is injected into. Meltwater into the Mississippi and near Labrador hardly affect the large-scale ocean circulation, whereas subpolar hosing mimicking icebergs yields a quasi shutdown. The same multiscale approach is applied to radiocarbon simulations enabling a dynamical interpretation of marine sediment cores. Finally, abrupt climate events also have counterparts in the recent climate records, revealing a close link between climate variability, the statistics of North Atlantic weather patterns, and extreme events. Text North Atlantic DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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English |
description |
The past provides evidence of abrupt climate shifts and changes in the frequency of climate and weather extremes. We explore the nonlinear response to orbital forcing and then consider climate millennial variability down to daily weather events. Orbital changes are translated into regional responses in temperature, where the precessional response is related to nonlinearities and seasonal biases in the system. We question regularities found in climate events by analyzing the distribution of interevent waiting times. Periodicities of about 900 and 1,150 yr are found in ice cores besides the prominent 1,500 yr cycle. However, the variability remains indistinguishable from a random process, suggesting that centennial-to-millennial variability is stochastic in nature. New numerical techniques are developed allowing for a high resolution in the dynamically relevant regions like coasts, major upwelling regions, and high latitudes. Using this model, we find a strong sensitivity of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation depending on where the deglacial meltwater is injected into. Meltwater into the Mississippi and near Labrador hardly affect the large-scale ocean circulation, whereas subpolar hosing mimicking icebergs yields a quasi shutdown. The same multiscale approach is applied to radiocarbon simulations enabling a dynamical interpretation of marine sediment cores. Finally, abrupt climate events also have counterparts in the recent climate records, revealing a close link between climate variability, the statistics of North Atlantic weather patterns, and extreme events. |
format |
Text |
author |
Lohmann, Gerrit Butzin, Martin Eissner, Nina Shi, Xiaoxu Stepanek, Christian |
spellingShingle |
Lohmann, Gerrit Butzin, Martin Eissner, Nina Shi, Xiaoxu Stepanek, Christian Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales |
author_facet |
Lohmann, Gerrit Butzin, Martin Eissner, Nina Shi, Xiaoxu Stepanek, Christian |
author_sort |
Lohmann, Gerrit |
title |
Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales |
title_short |
Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales |
title_full |
Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales |
title_fullStr |
Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales |
title_full_unstemmed |
Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales |
title_sort |
abrupt climate and weather changes across time scales |
publisher |
FID GEO |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-4647 https://e-docs.geo-leo.de/handle/11858/8993 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-4647 |
_version_ |
1766132892204793856 |