Stable isotope evidence for late medieval (14th-15th C) origins of the eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) fishery ...

• Main Authors: Orton, DC, Makowiecki, D, De Roo, T, Johnstone, C, Harland, J, Jonsson, L, Heinrich, D, Enghoff, IB, Lõugas, L, Van Neer, W, Ervynck, A, Hufthammer, AK, Amundsen, C, Jones, AK, Locker, A, Hamilton-Dyer, S, Pope, P, MacKenzie, BR, Richards, M, O'Connell, TC, Barrett, JH
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
• Subjects: Animals; Archaeology; Bone and Bones; Carbon Isotopes; Europe; Fisheries; Gadus morhua; History, 15th Century; History, 16th Century; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, Medieval; Nitrogen Isotopes; Oceans and Seas
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.17863/cam.6806; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/261599

Although recent historical ecology studies have extended quantitative knowledge of eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) exploitation back as far as the 16th century, the historical origin of the modern fishery remains obscure. Widespread archaeological evidence for cod consumption around the eastern Baltic littoral emerges around the 13th century, three centuries before systematic documentation, but it is not clear whether this represents (1) development of a substantial eastern Baltic cod fishery, or (2) large-scale importation of preserved cod from elsewhere. To distinguish between these hypotheses we use stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis to determine likely catch regions of 74 cod vertebrae and cleithra from 19 Baltic archaeological sites dated from the 8th to the 16th centuries. δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N signatures for six possible catch regions were established using a larger sample of archaeological cod cranial bones (n = 249). The data strongly support the second hypothesis, revealing widespread ...