High-frequency, year-round time series of the carbonate chemistry in a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard) v2 ...

• Main Authors: Gattuso, Jean-Pierre, Alliouane, Samir, Fischer, Philipp
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2023
• Subjects: Carbonate chemistry; CO2; Svalbard; time-series; DATE/TIME; Pressure, water; Salinity; Temperature, water; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; pH; Alkalinity, total; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; FerryBox; Bottle, Niskin; Multi parameter probe CTD, Sea & Sun Technology GmbH, CTD90M; Multiparameter probe, Sea & Sun Technology, CTD90; measured with Pole electrode cell, Manufacturer unknown, ADM 7; FerryBox, SeaBird, SBE45; CTD probe SBE 38; Sea-Bird, SeaFET; Kongsberg Maritime, HydroC CO2 FT; Spectrophotometer; AWIPEV_based; AWIPEV; Advanced Remote Sensing – Ground-Truth Demo and Test Facilities ACROSS; Arctic Biodiversity & Livelihoods FACE-IT; Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas COSYNA; Integrated Arctic observation system INTAROS; Joint European Research Infrastructure network for Coastal Observatory – Novel European eXpertise for coastal observaTories JERICO-NEXT; Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems MOSES; Arctic biodiversity; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Carbonic acid; Kongsfjord*; Kongsfjorden
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.960131; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.960131

The Arctic Ocean is subject to high rates of ocean warming and acidification, with critical implications for marine organisms as well as ecosystems and the services they provide. Carbonate system data in the Arctic realm are spotty in space and time and, until recently, there was no time-series station measuring the carbonate chemistry at high frequency in this region, particularly in coastal waters. We report here on the first high-frequency (1 h), multi-year (6 years) dataset of salinity, temperature, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and pH at a coastal site (12 m) in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. We show that the choice of formulations for calculating the dissociation constants of the carbonic acid remains unsettled, (2) the water column is generally somewhat stratified despite the shallow depth, (3) the saturation state of calcium carbonate is subject to large seasonal changes but never reaches undersaturation (Oa ranges between 1.4 and 3.0) and (4) pCO2 is lower than ...