Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the world's largest current system connecting all major ocean basins of the global ocean. Its flow, driven by strong westerly winds, is constricted to its narrowest extent in the Drake Passage, located between South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. Due t...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
2021
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.927026 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.927026 |
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ftdatacite:10.1594/pangaea.927026 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
English |
topic |
diatoms Drake Passage organic carbon Photosynthetic pigments sterols surface sediments |
spellingShingle |
diatoms Drake Passage organic carbon Photosynthetic pigments sterols surface sediments Cárdenas, Paola Lange, Carina B Vernet, Maria Esper, Oliver Srain, Benjamin Vorrath, Maria-Elena Ehrhardt, Sophie Müller, Juliane Kuhn, Gerhard Arz, Helge Wolfgang Lembke-Jene, Lester Lamy, Frank Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 |
topic_facet |
diatoms Drake Passage organic carbon Photosynthetic pigments sterols surface sediments |
description |
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the world's largest current system connecting all major ocean basins of the global ocean. Its flow, driven by strong westerly winds, is constricted to its narrowest extent in the Drake Passage, located between South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. Due to the remoteness of the area, harsh weather conditions and strong bottom currents, sediment recovery is difficult and data coverage is still inadequate. Here, we report on the composition of 51 surface sediments collected during the R/V Polarstern PS97 expedition (February-April 2016) across the western and central Drake Passage, from the Chilean/Argentinian continental margin to the South Shetland Islands and the Bransfield Strait (water depth: ∼100-4000 m). We studied microfossils (diatoms), bulk sediment composition and geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, organic carbon, calcium carbonate, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, sterols and photosynthetic pigments), and evaluated how they respond to, and reflect oceanic domains and polar to subpolar frontal systems in this region. Our multi-proxy approach shows a strong relationship between the composition of surface sediments and ocean productivity, terrigenous input, intensity of ocean currents, and ice proximity, clearly differentiating among 4 biogeographical zones. The Subantarctic Zone was characterized by warmer-water diatoms, high carbonate (>45%) and low organic carbon contents (avg. 0.26%), as well as low concentrations of pigments (avg. 1.75 μg/g) and sterols (avg. 0.90 μg/g). A general N-S transition from carbonate-rich to opal-rich sediment was observed at Drake Passage sites of the Polar Front and Permanently Open Ocean Zone. These sites were characterized by low organic carbon content (0.22%), high relative abundances of heavily silicified diatoms (≥60% Fragilariopsis kerguelensis), and abundant foraminifera at shallower stations. Approaching the Antarctic Peninsula in the Transitional Zone, an increase in the concentrations of pigments and sterols (avg. 2.57 μg/g and 1.44 μg/g, respectively) and a strong decrease in carbonate content was observed. The seasonal Sea-Ice Zone in the southern section of the study area, had the highest contents of biogenic opal (avg. 14.6%) and organic carbon (avg. 0.7%), low carbonate contents (avg. 2.4%), with the occurrence of sea-ice-related diatoms and sterols. In all zones, terrigenous input was detected, although carbon/nitrogen ratios and δ13Corg suggest a predominance of marine-derived organic matter; lower values of δ13Corg occurred south of the Polar Front. The new results presented here constitute a highly valuable reference dataset for the calibration of microfossil and geochemical proxies against observational data and provide a useful regional baseline for future paleo-research. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cárdenas, Paola Lange, Carina B Vernet, Maria Esper, Oliver Srain, Benjamin Vorrath, Maria-Elena Ehrhardt, Sophie Müller, Juliane Kuhn, Gerhard Arz, Helge Wolfgang Lembke-Jene, Lester Lamy, Frank |
author_facet |
Cárdenas, Paola Lange, Carina B Vernet, Maria Esper, Oliver Srain, Benjamin Vorrath, Maria-Elena Ehrhardt, Sophie Müller, Juliane Kuhn, Gerhard Arz, Helge Wolfgang Lembke-Jene, Lester Lamy, Frank |
author_sort |
Cárdenas, Paola |
title |
Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 |
title_short |
Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 |
title_full |
Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 |
title_fullStr |
Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 |
title_sort |
organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment ps97/ sterols preserved in surface sediments ps97/ diatoms of surface sediments ps97 |
publisher |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.927026 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.927026 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Drake Passage South Shetland Islands Bransfield Strait |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Drake Passage South Shetland Islands Bransfield Strait |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Bransfield Strait Drake Passage Sea ice South Shetland Islands |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Bransfield Strait Drake Passage Sea ice South Shetland Islands |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.10.004 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.927026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.10.004 |
_version_ |
1766268280830427136 |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.1594/pangaea.927026 2023-05-15T13:59:37+02:00 Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 Cárdenas, Paola Lange, Carina B Vernet, Maria Esper, Oliver Srain, Benjamin Vorrath, Maria-Elena Ehrhardt, Sophie Müller, Juliane Kuhn, Gerhard Arz, Helge Wolfgang Lembke-Jene, Lester Lamy, Frank 2021 application/zip https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.927026 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.927026 en eng PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.10.004 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY diatoms Drake Passage organic carbon Photosynthetic pigments sterols surface sediments Collection of Datasets article Collection 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.927026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.10.004 2022-02-09T13:23:56Z The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the world's largest current system connecting all major ocean basins of the global ocean. Its flow, driven by strong westerly winds, is constricted to its narrowest extent in the Drake Passage, located between South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. Due to the remoteness of the area, harsh weather conditions and strong bottom currents, sediment recovery is difficult and data coverage is still inadequate. Here, we report on the composition of 51 surface sediments collected during the R/V Polarstern PS97 expedition (February-April 2016) across the western and central Drake Passage, from the Chilean/Argentinian continental margin to the South Shetland Islands and the Bransfield Strait (water depth: ∼100-4000 m). We studied microfossils (diatoms), bulk sediment composition and geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, organic carbon, calcium carbonate, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, sterols and photosynthetic pigments), and evaluated how they respond to, and reflect oceanic domains and polar to subpolar frontal systems in this region. Our multi-proxy approach shows a strong relationship between the composition of surface sediments and ocean productivity, terrigenous input, intensity of ocean currents, and ice proximity, clearly differentiating among 4 biogeographical zones. The Subantarctic Zone was characterized by warmer-water diatoms, high carbonate (>45%) and low organic carbon contents (avg. 0.26%), as well as low concentrations of pigments (avg. 1.75 μg/g) and sterols (avg. 0.90 μg/g). A general N-S transition from carbonate-rich to opal-rich sediment was observed at Drake Passage sites of the Polar Front and Permanently Open Ocean Zone. These sites were characterized by low organic carbon content (0.22%), high relative abundances of heavily silicified diatoms (≥60% Fragilariopsis kerguelensis), and abundant foraminifera at shallower stations. Approaching the Antarctic Peninsula in the Transitional Zone, an increase in the concentrations of pigments and sterols (avg. 2.57 μg/g and 1.44 μg/g, respectively) and a strong decrease in carbonate content was observed. The seasonal Sea-Ice Zone in the southern section of the study area, had the highest contents of biogenic opal (avg. 14.6%) and organic carbon (avg. 0.7%), low carbonate contents (avg. 2.4%), with the occurrence of sea-ice-related diatoms and sterols. In all zones, terrigenous input was detected, although carbon/nitrogen ratios and δ13Corg suggest a predominance of marine-derived organic matter; lower values of δ13Corg occurred south of the Polar Front. The new results presented here constitute a highly valuable reference dataset for the calibration of microfossil and geochemical proxies against observational data and provide a useful regional baseline for future paleo-research. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Bransfield Strait Drake Passage Sea ice South Shetland Islands DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Drake Passage South Shetland Islands Bransfield Strait |