Seawater carbonate chemistry and phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation

• Main Authors: McLaskey, Anna K, Keister, Julie E, Schoo, Katherina L, Olson, M Brady, Love, Brooke A, Zhang, Y
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2019
• Subjects: Acartia hudsonica; Animalia; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Chromista; Cryptophyta; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; Phytoplankton; Reproduction; FOS Medical biotechnology; Rhodomos Sali; Single species; Species interaction; Temperature; Zooplankton; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Temperature, water; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Treatment; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Replicates; Cell biovolume; Cell biovolume, standard deviation; Carbon per cell; Carbon per cell, standard deviation; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbon content per individual; Carbon content per individual, standard deviation; Nitrogen content per individual; Nitrogen content per individual, standard deviation; Egg production rate per female prosome length; Egg production rate, standard deviation; Egg hatching success; Egg hatching success, standard deviation; Larvae; Larvae, standard deviation; Fatty acids, total, ingested; Fatty acids accumulation efficiency; Name; Fatty acid per cell; Fatty acids per cell, standard deviation; Fatty acids per individual; Fatty acids per individual, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. 2018; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Copepods
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.922470; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.922470

Change in the nutritional quality of phytoplankton is a key mechanism through which ocean acidification can affect the function of marine ecosystems. Copepods play an important role transferring energy from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels, including fatty acids (FA)-essential macronutrients synthesized by primary producers that can limit zooplankton and fisheries production. We investigated the direct effects of pCO2 on phytoplankton and copepods in the laboratory, as well as the trophic transfer of effects of pCO2 on food quality. The marine cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina was cultured at 400, 800, and 1200 μatm pCO2 and fed to adult Acartia hudsonica acclimated to the same pCO2 levels. We examined changes in phytoplankton growth rate, cell size, carbon content, and FA content, and copepod FA content, grazing, respiration, egg production, hatching, and naupliar development. This single-factor experiment was repeated at 12°C and at 17°C. At 17°C, the FA content of R. salina responded non-linearly to elevated pCO2 with the greatest FA content at intermediate levels, which was mirrored in A. hudsonica; however, differences in ingestion rate indicate that copepods accumulated FA less efficiently at elevated pCO2. A. hudsonica nauplii developed faster at elevated pCO2 at 12°C in the absence of strong food quality effects, but not at 17°C when food quality varied among treatments. Our results demonstrate that changes to the nutritional quality of phytoplankton are not directly translated to their grazers, and that studies that include trophic links are key to unraveling how ocean acidification will drive changes in marine food webs. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-07-07.