Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018)
Compared to other Arctic ice masses, Svalbard glaciers are low-elevated with flat interior accumulation areas, resulting in a marked peak in their current hypsometry (area-elevation distribution) at ~450 m above sea level. Since summer melt consistently exceeds winter snowfall, these low-lying glaci...
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ftdatacite:10.1594/pangaea.920984 2023-05-15T15:16:52+02:00 Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) Noël, Brice P Y Jakobs, Constantijn L van Pelt, Ward Lhermitte, Stef Wouters, Bert Kohler, Jack Hagen, Jon Ove Luks, Bartłomiej Reijmer, Carleen van de Berg, Willem Jan van den Broeke, Michiel R 2020 text/tab-separated-values https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.920984 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.920984 en eng PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY RACMO SMB Svalbard Binary Object Binary Object Media Type Binary Object File Size Multiple investigations Dataset dataset 2020 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.920984 2022-02-09T13:17:17Z Compared to other Arctic ice masses, Svalbard glaciers are low-elevated with flat interior accumulation areas, resulting in a marked peak in their current hypsometry (area-elevation distribution) at ~450 m above sea level. Since summer melt consistently exceeds winter snowfall, these low-lying glaciers can only survive by refreezing a considerable fraction of surface melt and rain in the porous firn layer covering their accumulation zones. We use a high-resolution climate model to show that modest atmospheric warming in the mid-1980s forced the firn zone to retreat upward by ~100 m to coincide with the hypsometry peak. This led to a rapid areal reduction of firn cover available for refreezing, and strongly increased runoff from dark, bare ice areas, amplifying mass loss from all elevations. As the firn line fluctuates around the hypsometry peak in the current climate, Svalbard glaciers will continue to lose mass and show high sensitivity to temperature perturbations.The data set includes annual cumulative SMB and components statistically downscaled from the output of the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model RACMO2.3 to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018). SMB components include total precipitation (snowfall and rainfall), snowfall, runoff, melt, refreezing and retention (mm w.e. per year), as well as summer (June-July-August) 2 m air temperature (K). The data set also includes modelled (RACMO2.3; 1958-2018) and observed (MODIS; 2000-2018) bare ice area, and modelled ablation zone area (1958-2018; km2). The mask file includes longitude/latitude (ºN/ºW), land-sea, ice and sector masks from the Randolph Glacier Inventory version 6, and surface topography (m above sea level) from the S0 Terreng Digital Elevation Model (Norwegian Polar Institute) on the 500 m grid. Daily downscaled SMB and components are available from the authors upon request and without conditions (b.p.y.noel@uu.nl). Dataset Arctic glacier Norwegian Polar Institute Sea ice Svalbard DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Arctic Svalbard |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
English |
topic |
RACMO SMB Svalbard Binary Object Binary Object Media Type Binary Object File Size Multiple investigations |
spellingShingle |
RACMO SMB Svalbard Binary Object Binary Object Media Type Binary Object File Size Multiple investigations Noël, Brice P Y Jakobs, Constantijn L van Pelt, Ward Lhermitte, Stef Wouters, Bert Kohler, Jack Hagen, Jon Ove Luks, Bartłomiej Reijmer, Carleen van de Berg, Willem Jan van den Broeke, Michiel R Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
topic_facet |
RACMO SMB Svalbard Binary Object Binary Object Media Type Binary Object File Size Multiple investigations |
description |
Compared to other Arctic ice masses, Svalbard glaciers are low-elevated with flat interior accumulation areas, resulting in a marked peak in their current hypsometry (area-elevation distribution) at ~450 m above sea level. Since summer melt consistently exceeds winter snowfall, these low-lying glaciers can only survive by refreezing a considerable fraction of surface melt and rain in the porous firn layer covering their accumulation zones. We use a high-resolution climate model to show that modest atmospheric warming in the mid-1980s forced the firn zone to retreat upward by ~100 m to coincide with the hypsometry peak. This led to a rapid areal reduction of firn cover available for refreezing, and strongly increased runoff from dark, bare ice areas, amplifying mass loss from all elevations. As the firn line fluctuates around the hypsometry peak in the current climate, Svalbard glaciers will continue to lose mass and show high sensitivity to temperature perturbations.The data set includes annual cumulative SMB and components statistically downscaled from the output of the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model RACMO2.3 to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018). SMB components include total precipitation (snowfall and rainfall), snowfall, runoff, melt, refreezing and retention (mm w.e. per year), as well as summer (June-July-August) 2 m air temperature (K). The data set also includes modelled (RACMO2.3; 1958-2018) and observed (MODIS; 2000-2018) bare ice area, and modelled ablation zone area (1958-2018; km2). The mask file includes longitude/latitude (ºN/ºW), land-sea, ice and sector masks from the Randolph Glacier Inventory version 6, and surface topography (m above sea level) from the S0 Terreng Digital Elevation Model (Norwegian Polar Institute) on the 500 m grid. Daily downscaled SMB and components are available from the authors upon request and without conditions (b.p.y.noel@uu.nl). |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Noël, Brice P Y Jakobs, Constantijn L van Pelt, Ward Lhermitte, Stef Wouters, Bert Kohler, Jack Hagen, Jon Ove Luks, Bartłomiej Reijmer, Carleen van de Berg, Willem Jan van den Broeke, Michiel R |
author_facet |
Noël, Brice P Y Jakobs, Constantijn L van Pelt, Ward Lhermitte, Stef Wouters, Bert Kohler, Jack Hagen, Jon Ove Luks, Bartłomiej Reijmer, Carleen van de Berg, Willem Jan van den Broeke, Michiel R |
author_sort |
Noël, Brice P Y |
title |
Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
title_short |
Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
title_full |
Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
title_fullStr |
Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Annual surface mass balance (SMB) and components of Svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
title_sort |
annual surface mass balance (smb) and components of svalbard glaciers statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution (1958-2018) |
publisher |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.920984 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.920984 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic glacier Norwegian Polar Institute Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic glacier Norwegian Polar Institute Sea ice Svalbard |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.920984 |
_version_ |
1766347169573371904 |