Seawater carbonate chemistry and mortality and behavior of the Antarctic amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica

• Main Authors: Park, Seojeong, Ahn, In-Young, Sin, Eunchong, Shim, JeongHee, Kim, T-W
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2020
• Subjects: Animalia; Antarctic; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Coast and continental shelf; Gondogeneia antarctica; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; Pelagos; Polar; Salinity; Single species; Zooplankton; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Experiment duration; Treatment; DATE/TIME; Mortality; Mortality, standard error; Proportion; Proportion, standard error; Molting frequency; Molting frequency, standard error; Salinity, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen, dissolved, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Experiment; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; The Antarctic; Antarctic Peninsula; King George Island; Marian; Marian Cove; Antarc*; Antarctica; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.914371; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.914371

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has experienced rapid atmospheric and ocean warming over the past few decades and many marine-terminating glaciers have considerably retreated. Glacial retreat is accompanied by fresh meltwater intrusion, which may result in the freshening and acidification of coastal waters. Marian Cove (MC), on King George Island in the WAP, undergoes one of the highest rates of glacial retreat. Intertidal and shallow subtidal waters are likely more susceptible to these processes, and sensitive biological responses are expected from the organisms inhabiting this area. The gammarid amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica is one of the most abundant species in the shallow, nearshore Antarctic waters, and it occupies an essential ecological niche in the coastal marine WAP ecosystem. In this study, we tested the sensitivity of G. antarctica to lowered salinity and pH by meltwater intrusion following glacial retreat. We exposed G. antarctica to four different treatments combining two salinities (34 and 27 psμ) and pH (8.0 and 7.6) levels for 26 days. Mortality, excluding cannibalized individuals, increased under low pH but decreased under low salinity conditions. Meanwhile, low salinity increased cannibalism, whereas low pH reduced food detection. Shelter use during the daytime decreased under each low salinity and pH condition, indicating that the two stressors act as disruptors of amphipod behavior. Under low salinity conditions, swimming increased during the daytime but decreased at night. Although interactions between low salinity and low pH were not observed during the experiment, the results suggest that each stressor, likely induced by glacial melting, causes altered behaviors in amphipods. These environmental factors may threaten population persistence in Marian Cove and possibly other similar glacial embayments. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-03-18.