Seawater carbonate chemistry and crystallography and carbon uptake in the shells of Saccostrea glomerata, supplement to: Fitzer, Susan C; McGill, Rona A R; Torres Gabarda, Sergio; Hughes, Brian; Dove, Michael; O'Connor, Wayne A; Byrne, Maria (2019): Selectively bred oysters can alter their biomineralization pathways, promoting resilience to environmental acidification. Global Change Biology, 25(12), 4105-4115

• Main Authors: Fitzer, Susan C, McGill, Rona A R, Torres Gabarda, Sergio, Hughes, Brian, Dove, Michael, O'Connor, Wayne A, Byrne, Maria
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2019
• Subjects: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Brackish waters; Estuary; Field observation; Mollusca; Other studied parameter or process; Saccostrea glomerata; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Event label; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Site; Description; Identification; Treatment; δ13C; Salinity; Temperature, water; pH; δ13C, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter, standard deviation; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Bicarbonate ion; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Experiment; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; O'Connor; Pacific; Rona; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.911619; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.911619

Commercial shellfish aquaculture is vulnerable to the impacts of ocean acidification driven by increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption by the ocean as well as to coastal acidification driven by land run off and rising sea level. These drivers of environmental acidification have deleterious effects on biomineralization. We investigated shell biomineralization of selectively bred and wild‐type families of the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata in a study of oysters being farmed in estuaries at aquaculture leases differing in environmental acidification. The contrasting estuarine pH regimes enabled us to determine the mechanisms of shell growth and the vulnerability of this species to contemporary environmental acidification. Determination of the source of carbon, the mechanism of carbon uptake and use of carbon in biomineral formation are key to understanding the vulnerability of shellfish aquaculture to contemporary and future environmental acidification. We, therefore, characterized the crystallography and carbon uptake in the shells of S. glomerata, resident in habitats subjected to coastal acidification, using high‐resolution electron backscatter diffraction and carbon isotope analyses (as δ13C). We show that oyster families selectively bred for fast growth and families selected for disease resistance can alter their mechanisms of calcite crystal biomineralization, promoting resilience to acidification. The responses of S. glomerata to acidification in their estuarine habitat provide key insights into mechanisms of mollusc shell growth under future climate change conditions. Importantly, we show that selective breeding in oysters is likely to be an important global mitigation strategy for sustainable shellfish aquaculture to withstand future climate‐driven change to habitat acidification. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-02-03.