Seawater carbonate chemistry and the diversity indexes of the microbiota of the intestinal fluid of Sparus aurata, supplement to: Fonseca, Filomena; Cerqueira, Ricardo; Fuentes, Juan (2019): Impact of Ocean Acidification on the Intestinal Microbiota of the Marine Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.). Frontiers in Physiology, 10

• Main Authors: Fonseca, Filomena, Cerqueira, Ricardo, Fuentes, Juan
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2019
• Subjects: Animalia; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria 20-1000 L or < 1 m**2; Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Nekton; Other studied parameter or process; Pelagos; Single species; Sparus aurata; Temperate; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Experiment duration; Treatment; Sample ID; Shannon Diversity Index; Simpson's index; Chao 1 richness; Reads; Operational taxonomic unit; Accession number; pH; pH, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Bicarbonate ion; Carbonate ion; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Aragonite saturation state; Calcite saturation state; Potentiometric; Calculated using CO2calc; Potentiometric titration; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Ricardo; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.910337; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.910337

Within a scenario of increasing atmospheric CO2 and ocean acidification (OA), it is highly relevant to investigate its impacts not only on fish performance but also on fish intestinal microbiome and how that reflects on host performance and health. The main objective of this study was to establish if the intestinal microbiota of the sea bream (Sparus aurata) was affected by high level of CO2 in line with the predictions for this century. The bacterial communities of the intestinal fluid were characterized in animals kept at the present-day level of CO2 (400 μatm) and in animals switched to high CO2 (1200 μatm) for 1 month. Bacterial taxa identification was based on molecular methods, using the DNA coding for the 16S ribosomal RNA and primers targeting the regions V1–V3. Amplicons obtained from DNA samples of animals in the same tank were combined, cloned to obtain a bacterial DNA library, and the clones were sequenced. No significant differences were found between the two treatments for alpha diversity. However, beta diversity analysis revealed distinct dysbiosis in response to hypercapnia, with phylum Firmicutes absent from the bacterial communities of fish exposed to 1200 μatm CO2, whereas Proteobacteria relative abundance was increased at elevated CO2, due to the presence of Gammaproteobacteria (Vibrionaceae and Alteromonadaceae), a class not present in the control samples. This study provides a first glimpse at the impact of OA in fish intestinal microbiota and highlights potential downstream effects to the general condition of fishes under hypercapnia. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2019-12-20.