Seawater carbonate chemistry and dissolution of the triton shell, supplement to: Harvey, Ben P; Agostini, Sylvain; Wada, Shigeki; Inaba, Kazuo; Hall-Spencer, Jason M (2018): Dissolution: The Achilles' Heel of the Triton Shell in an Acidifying Ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 5

• Main Authors: Harvey, Ben P, Agostini, Sylvain, Wada, Shigeki, Inaba, Kazuo, Hall-Spencer, Jason M
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2018
• Subjects: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Charonia lampas; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Field observation; Growth/Morphology; Mollusca; North Pacific; Single species; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Location; Position; Shell density; Number; Shell density, standard error; Thickness; Thickness, standard error; pH; pH, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Experiment; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. 2018; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Achilles Heel; Pacific; Triton; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.906202; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.906202

Ocean acidification is expected to negatively impact many calcifying marine organisms by impairing their ability to build their protective shells and skeletons, and by causing dissolution and erosion. Here we investigated the large predatory “triton shell” gastropod Charonia lampas in acidified conditions near CO2 seeps off Shikine-jima (Japan) and compared them with individuals from an adjacent bay with seawater pH at present-day levels (outside the influence of the CO2 seep). By using computed tomography we show that acidification negatively impacts their thickness, density, and shell structure, causing visible deterioration to the shell surface. Periods of aragonite undersaturation caused the loss of the apex region and exposing body tissues. While gross calcification rates were likely reduced near CO2 seeps, the corrosive effects of acidification were far more pronounced around the oldest parts of the shell. As a result, the capacity of C. lampas to maintain their shells under ocean acidification may be strongly driven by abiotic dissolution and erosion, and not under biological control of the calcification process. Understanding the response of marine calcifying organisms and their ability to build and maintain their protective shells and skeletons will be important for our understanding of future marine ecosystems. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2019-09-23.