Seawater carbonate chemistry and respiration rate of Skagerrak invertebrates during experiments at Kristineberg, Sweden

• Main Authors: Fontanini, Aisling, Steckbauer, Alexandra, Dupont, Sam, Duarte, Carlos Manuel
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2018
• Subjects: Amphiura filiformis; Animalia; Arthropoda; Asterias rubens; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Brissopsis lyrifera; Chordata; Ciona intestinalis; Coast and continental shelf; Echinodermata; Laboratory experiment; Littorina littorea; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Ophiocomina nigra; Ophiothrix fragilis; Oxygen; Pagurus bernhardus; Psammechinus miliaris; Respiration; Single species; Tarebia granifera; Temperate; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Treatment; Identification; Replicate; Experiment duration; Respiration rate, oxygen, per dry mass; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Oxygen, standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air, standard error; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Respiration Index; Respiration Index, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Research station; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Kristineberg; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.901016; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.901016

Coastal hypoxia is a problem that is predicted to increase rapidly in the future. At the same time, we are facing rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, which are increasing the pCO2 and acidity of coastal waters. These two drivers are well studied in isolation; however, the coupling of low O2 and pH is likely to provide a more significant respiratory challenge for slow moving and sessile invertebrates than is currently predicted. The Gullmar Fjord in Sweden is home to a range of habitats, such as sand and mud flats, seagrass beds, exposed and protected shorelines and rocky bottoms. Moreover, it has a history of both natural and anthropogenically enhanced hypoxia as well as North Sea upwelling, where salty water reaches the surface towards the end of summer and early autumn. A total of 11 species (Crustacean, Chordate, Echinoderm and Mollusc) of these ecosystems were exposed to four different treatments (high or low oxygen and low or high CO2; varying pCO2 of 450 and 1300 µatm and O2 concentrations of 2-3.5 and 9-10 mg/L) and respiration measured after 3 and 6 days, respectively. This allowed us to evaluate respiration responses of species of contrasting habitats to single and multiple stressors. Results show that respiratory responses were highly species specific as we observed both synergetic as well as antagonistic responses, and neither phylum nor habitat explained trends in respiratory responses. Management plans should avoid the generalized assumption that combined stressors will result in multiplicative effects and focus attention on alleviating hypoxia in the region. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2019-04-25.