Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry, calcification of coral, supplement to: Schoepf, Verena; Jury, Christopher P; Toonen, Robert J; McCulloch, Malcolm T (2017): Coral calcification mechanisms facilitate adaptive responses to ocean acidification. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 284(1868), 20172117

• Main Authors: Schoepf, Verena, Jury, Christopher P, Toonen, Robert J, McCulloch, Malcolm T
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2017
• Subjects: Acid-base regulation; Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; Montipora capitata; North Pacific; Other studied parameter or process; Porites compressa; Single species; Temperature; Tropical; Event label; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Experiment duration; Identification; Site; Temperature, water; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Salinity; pH; Alkalinity, total; δ11B; Calcifying fluid, pH; pH change; Boron/Calcium ratio; Calcifying fluid, dissolved inorganic carbon; Ratio; Calcifying fluid, carbonate ion; Calcifying fluid, aragonite saturation state; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Bicarbonate ion; Carbonate ion; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Aragonite saturation state; Calcite saturation state; Experiment; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Pacific; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.891559; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.891559

Ocean acidification (OA) is a pressing threat to reef-building corals, but it remains poorly understood how coral calcification is inhibited by OA and whether corals could acclimatize and/or adapt to OA. Using a novel geochemical approach, we reconstructed the carbonate chemistry of the calcifying fluid in two coral species using both a pH and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) proxy (delta 11B and B/Ca, respectively). To address the potential for adaptive responses, both species were collected from two sites spanning a natural gradient in seawater pH and temperature, and then subjected to three pHT levels (8.04, 7.88, 7.71) crossed by two temperatures (control, +1.5°C) for 14 weeks. Corals from the site with naturally lower seawater pH calcified faster and maintained growth better under simulated OA than corals from the higher-pH site. This ability was consistently linked to higher pH yet lower DIC values in the calcifying fluid, suggesting that these differences are the result of long-term acclimatization and/or local adaptation to naturally lower seawater pH. Nevertheless, all corals elevated both pH and DIC significantly over seawater values, even under OA. This implies that high pH upregulation combined with moderate levels of DIC upregulation promote resistance and adaptive responses of coral calcification to OA. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2018-05-23.