Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry, shell length of Mussel larvae

• Main Authors: Ramesh, Kirti, Hu, Marian Y, Thomsen, Jörn, Bleich, Markus, Melzner, Frank
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2017
• Subjects: Acid-base regulation; Animalia; Baltic Sea; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; Single species; Temperate; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Experiment; Time in hours; Replicate; Calcium per individual; Carbonate ion; delta; pH; Calcium; Fluorescence; Shell length; Shell length, standard deviation; Salinity; Temperature, water; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.891437; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.891437

Understanding mollusk calcification sensitivity to ocean acidification (OA) requires a better knowledge of calcification mechanisms. Especially in rapidly calcifying larval stages, mechanisms of shell formation are largely unexplored—yet these are the most vulnerable life stages. Here we find rapid generation of crystalline shell material in mussel larvae. We find no evidence for intracellular CaCO3 formation, indicating that mineral formation could be constrained to the calcifying space beneath the shell. Using microelectrodes we show that larvae can increase pH and [CO3]2−beneath the growing shell, leading to a ~1.5-fold elevation in calcium carbonate saturation state (Omega arag). Larvae exposed to OA exhibit a drop in pH, [CO3]2− and Omega arag at the site of calcification, which correlates with decreased shell growth, and, eventually, shell dissolution. Our findings help explain why bivalve larvae can form shells under moderate acidification scenarios and provide a direct link between ocean carbonate chemistry and larval calcification rate. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2018-05-23.