Response of subtropical coastal sediment systems of Okinawa, Japan, to experimental warming and high pCO2, supplement to: Sultana, Rumana; Casareto, Beatriz E; Sohrin, Rumi; Suzuki, Toshiyuki; Alam, Md Shafiul; Fujimura, Hiroyuki; Suzuki, Yoshimi (2016): Response of Subtropical Coastal Sediment Systems of Okinawa, Japan, to Experimental Warming and High pCO2. Frontiers in Marine Science, 3

• Main Authors: Sultana, Rumana, Casareto, Beatriz E, Sohrin, Rumi, Suzuki, Toshiyuki, Alam, Md Shafiul, Fujimura, Hiroyuki, Suzuki, Yoshimi
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2016
• Subjects: Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Other metabolic rates; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Soft-bottom community; Temperate; Temperature; Event label; Type; Habitat; Treatment; Light mode; Nitrite and nitrate, flux; Nitrite and nitrate, flux, standard deviation; Ammonium, flux; Ammonium, flux, standard deviation; Phosphate, flux; Phosphate, flux, standard deviation; Silicate, flux; Silicate, flux, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a, flux; Chlorophyll a, flux, standard deviation; Fucoxanthin, flux; Fucoxanthin, flux, standard deviation; Zeaxanthin, flux; Zeaxanthin, flux, standard deviation; beta-Carotene, flux; beta-Carotene, flux, standard deviation; Chlorophyll b, flux; Chlorophyll b, flux, standard deviation; Chlorophyll c2, flux; Chlorophyll c2, flux, standard deviation; Oxygen, flux; Oxygen, flux, standard deviation; Gross primary production of carbon; Gross primary production, standard deviation; Net primary production of carbon; Net primary production of carbon, standard deviation; Respiration rate, carbon; Respiration rate, carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Change in bacterial abundance; Change in bacterial abundance, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Aragonite saturation state; Calcite saturation state; Experiment; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Pacific; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.870707; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.870707

Increasing seawater temperatures and CO2 levels associated with climate change affect the shallow marine ecosystem function. In this study, the effects of elevated seawater temperature and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) on subtropical sediment systems of mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef lagoon habitats of Okinawa, Japan, were examined. Sediment and seawater from each habitat were exposed to four pCO2-temperature treatments, including ambient pCO2- ambient temperature, ambient pCO2-high temperature (ambient temperature + 4°C), high pCO2 (936 ppm)-ambient temperature, and high pCO2-high temperature. Parameters including primary production, nutrient flux, pigment content, photosynthetic community composition, and bacterial abundance were examined. Neither high temperature nor high pCO2 alone impacted mangrove and seagrass sediment primary production significantly (Tukey's test, P > 0.05). However, the combined stress significantly (Tukey's test, P < 0.01) increased primary production in these two habitats. In sediments from the coral reef lagoon, single and combined stress treatments induced a shift from heterotrophy to autotrophy. Significant increases in net primary production (Tukey's test, P < 0.01), and gross primary production (Tukey's test, P < 0.05) under the combined stress suggested that benthic microalgae in mangrove and seagrass sediments were more responsive to high temperature and pCO2 conditions than those in coral reef lagoon sediments. Additionally, combined stress significantly increased the sediment chlorophyll a content (Tukey's test, P < 0.05) in all habitats. These increases were associated with increased net primary production, indicating that combined stress stimulates primary production activity by the photosynthetic benthic microalgae in all habitats. Diatom activity increased, as silicate uptake increased in all habitats. Microbial abundance significantly increased under the combined stress treatment (Tukey's test, P < 0.01), but did not exceed autotrophic activity. Respiration did not change significantly in any of the three habitats (Tukey's test, P > 0.05) under the combined stress, suggesting that heterotrophic processes were less affected by the combined stress than autotrophic processes. In summary, mangrove and seagrass sediments minimize the negative impacts of elevated temperature and pCO2 via increased primary production and carbon storage. Lagoonal sediments also act as a carbon sink under temperature and ocean acidification stress. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2017-01-12.