Environmental stability affects phenotypic evolution in a globally distributed marine picoplankton, supplement to: Schaum, Elisa; Rost, Björn; Collins, Sinéad (2015): Environmental stability affects phenotypic evolution in a globally distributed marine picoplankton. The ISME Journal, 10(1), 75-84

• Main Authors: Schaum, Elisa, Rost, Björn, Collins, Sinéad
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2016
• Subjects: Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Chlorophyta; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; Ostreococcus sp.; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Single species; Type; Species; Registration number of species; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Figure; Treatment; Ecotype; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen, per cell; Net photosynthesis rate, standard deviation; Respiration rate, oxygen, per cell; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a per cell; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Size; Cell size, standard deviation; Lipids per cell; Lipids, standard deviation; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Growth rate; Temperature, water; Salinity; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; pH; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Bicarbonate ion; Carbonate ion; Aragonite saturation state; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.863127; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.863127

Marine phytoplankton can evolve rapidly when confronted with aspects of climate change because of their large population sizes and fast generation times. Despite this, the importance of environment fluctuations, a key feature of climate change, has received little attention-selection experiments with marine phytoplankton are usually carried out in stable environments and use single or few representatives of a species, genus or functional group. Here we investigate whether and by how much environmental fluctuations contribute to changes in ecologically important phytoplankton traits such as C:N ratios and cell size, and test the variability of changes in these traits within the globally distributed species Ostreococcus. We have evolved 16 physiologically distinct lineages of Ostreococcus at stable high CO2 (1031±87 µatm CO2, SH) and fluctuating high CO2 (1012±244 µatm CO2, FH) for 400 generations. We find that although both fluctuation and high CO2 drive evolution, FH-evolved lineages are smaller, have reduced C:N ratios and respond more strongly to further increases in CO2 than do SH-evolved lineages. This indicates that environmental fluctuations are an important factor to consider when predicting how the characteristics of future phytoplankton populations will have an impact on biogeochemical cycles and higher trophic levels in marine food webs. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2015) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-07-19.