Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378
Precise measurements were conducted in continuous flow seawater mesocosms located in full sunlight that compared metabolic response of coral, coral-macroalgae and macroalgae systems over a diurnal cycle. Irradiance controlled net photosynthesis (Pnet), which in turn drove net calcification (Gnet), a...
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Format: | Dataset |
Language: | English |
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PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
2014
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.839068 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839068 |
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ftdatacite:10.1594/pangaea.839068 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
English |
topic |
Animalia Benthic animals Benthos Calcification/Dissolution Cnidaria Coast and continental shelf Gracillaria salicornia Laboratory experiment Macroalgae Mesocosm or benthocosm Montipora capitata North Pacific Plantae Primary production/Photosynthesis Rhodophyta Single species Species interaction Tropical Species Experiment Time of day Irradiance Salinity pH Alkalinity, total Temperature, water Oxygen Flow rate Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate Net photosynthesis rate Aragonite saturation state Carbonate system computation flag Carbon dioxide Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Bicarbonate ion Carbonate ion Carbon, inorganic, dissolved Calcite saturation state Potentiometric Potentiometric titration Calculated using CO2SYS Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010 Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC |
spellingShingle |
Animalia Benthic animals Benthos Calcification/Dissolution Cnidaria Coast and continental shelf Gracillaria salicornia Laboratory experiment Macroalgae Mesocosm or benthocosm Montipora capitata North Pacific Plantae Primary production/Photosynthesis Rhodophyta Single species Species interaction Tropical Species Experiment Time of day Irradiance Salinity pH Alkalinity, total Temperature, water Oxygen Flow rate Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate Net photosynthesis rate Aragonite saturation state Carbonate system computation flag Carbon dioxide Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Bicarbonate ion Carbonate ion Carbon, inorganic, dissolved Calcite saturation state Potentiometric Potentiometric titration Calculated using CO2SYS Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010 Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC Jokiel, Paul L Jury, Christopher P Rodgers, Ku'ulei Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 |
topic_facet |
Animalia Benthic animals Benthos Calcification/Dissolution Cnidaria Coast and continental shelf Gracillaria salicornia Laboratory experiment Macroalgae Mesocosm or benthocosm Montipora capitata North Pacific Plantae Primary production/Photosynthesis Rhodophyta Single species Species interaction Tropical Species Experiment Time of day Irradiance Salinity pH Alkalinity, total Temperature, water Oxygen Flow rate Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate Net photosynthesis rate Aragonite saturation state Carbonate system computation flag Carbon dioxide Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Bicarbonate ion Carbonate ion Carbon, inorganic, dissolved Calcite saturation state Potentiometric Potentiometric titration Calculated using CO2SYS Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010 Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC |
description |
Precise measurements were conducted in continuous flow seawater mesocosms located in full sunlight that compared metabolic response of coral, coral-macroalgae and macroalgae systems over a diurnal cycle. Irradiance controlled net photosynthesis (Pnet), which in turn drove net calcification (Gnet), and altered pH. Pnet exerted the dominant control on [CO3]2- and aragonite saturation state (Omega arag) over the diel cycle. Dark calcification rate decreased after sunset, reaching zero near midnight followed by an increasing rate that peaked at 03:00 h. Changes in Omega arag and pH lagged behind Gnet throughout the daily cycle by two or more hours. The flux rate Pnet was the primary driver of calcification. Daytime coral metabolism rapidly removes dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the bulk seawater and photosynthesis provides the energy that drives Gnet while increasing the bulk water pH. These relationships result in a correlation between Gnet and Omega arag, with Omega arag as the dependent variable. High rates of H+ efflux continued for several hours following mid-day peak Gnet suggesting that corals have difficulty in shedding waste protons as described by the Proton Flux Hypothesis. DIC flux (uptake) followed Pnet and Gnet and dropped off rapidly following peak Pnet and peak Gnet indicating that corals can cope more effectively with the problem of limited DIC supply compared to the problem of eliminating H+. Over a 24 h period the plot of total alkalinity (AT) versus DIC as well as the plot of Gnet versus Omega arag revealed a circular hysteresis pattern over the diel cycle in the coral and coral-algae mesocosms, but not the macroalgae mesocosm. Presence of macroalgae did not change Gnet of the corals, but altered the relationship between Omega arag and Gnet. Predictive models of how future global changes will effect coral growth that are based on oceanic Omega arag must include the influence of future localized Pnet on Gnet and changes in rate of reef carbonate dissolution. The correlation between Omega arag and Gnet over the diel cycle is simply the response of the CO2-carbonate system to increased pH as photosynthesis shifts the equilibria and increases the [CO3]2- relative to the other DIC components of [HCO3]- and [CO2]. Therefore Omega arag closely tracked pH as an effect of changes in Pnet, which also drove changes in Gnet. Measurements of DIC flux and H+ flux are far more useful than concentrations in describing coral metabolism dynamics. Coral reefs are systems that exist in constant disequilibrium with the water column. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-11-19. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Jokiel, Paul L Jury, Christopher P Rodgers, Ku'ulei |
author_facet |
Jokiel, Paul L Jury, Christopher P Rodgers, Ku'ulei |
author_sort |
Jokiel, Paul L |
title |
Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 |
title_short |
Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 |
title_full |
Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 |
title_fullStr |
Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 |
title_sort |
coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the co2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: jokiel, paul l; jury, christopher p; rodgers, ku'ulei (2014): coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the co2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. peerj, 2, e378 |
publisher |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.839068 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839068 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb https://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.378 https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode cc-by-3.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.839068 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.378 |
_version_ |
1766159175460585472 |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.1594/pangaea.839068 2023-05-15T17:51:53+02:00 Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate system of bulk sea water, supplement to: Jokiel, Paul L; Jury, Christopher P; Rodgers, Ku'ulei (2014): Coral-algae metabolism and diurnal changes in the CO2-carbonate systemof bulk sea water. PeerJ, 2, e378 Jokiel, Paul L Jury, Christopher P Rodgers, Ku'ulei 2014 text/tab-separated-values https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.839068 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839068 en eng PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb https://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.378 https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode cc-by-3.0 CC-BY Animalia Benthic animals Benthos Calcification/Dissolution Cnidaria Coast and continental shelf Gracillaria salicornia Laboratory experiment Macroalgae Mesocosm or benthocosm Montipora capitata North Pacific Plantae Primary production/Photosynthesis Rhodophyta Single species Species interaction Tropical Species Experiment Time of day Irradiance Salinity pH Alkalinity, total Temperature, water Oxygen Flow rate Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate Net photosynthesis rate Aragonite saturation state Carbonate system computation flag Carbon dioxide Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air Bicarbonate ion Carbonate ion Carbon, inorganic, dissolved Calcite saturation state Potentiometric Potentiometric titration Calculated using CO2SYS Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010 Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC Supplementary Dataset dataset Dataset 2014 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.839068 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.378 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Precise measurements were conducted in continuous flow seawater mesocosms located in full sunlight that compared metabolic response of coral, coral-macroalgae and macroalgae systems over a diurnal cycle. Irradiance controlled net photosynthesis (Pnet), which in turn drove net calcification (Gnet), and altered pH. Pnet exerted the dominant control on [CO3]2- and aragonite saturation state (Omega arag) over the diel cycle. Dark calcification rate decreased after sunset, reaching zero near midnight followed by an increasing rate that peaked at 03:00 h. Changes in Omega arag and pH lagged behind Gnet throughout the daily cycle by two or more hours. The flux rate Pnet was the primary driver of calcification. Daytime coral metabolism rapidly removes dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the bulk seawater and photosynthesis provides the energy that drives Gnet while increasing the bulk water pH. These relationships result in a correlation between Gnet and Omega arag, with Omega arag as the dependent variable. High rates of H+ efflux continued for several hours following mid-day peak Gnet suggesting that corals have difficulty in shedding waste protons as described by the Proton Flux Hypothesis. DIC flux (uptake) followed Pnet and Gnet and dropped off rapidly following peak Pnet and peak Gnet indicating that corals can cope more effectively with the problem of limited DIC supply compared to the problem of eliminating H+. Over a 24 h period the plot of total alkalinity (AT) versus DIC as well as the plot of Gnet versus Omega arag revealed a circular hysteresis pattern over the diel cycle in the coral and coral-algae mesocosms, but not the macroalgae mesocosm. Presence of macroalgae did not change Gnet of the corals, but altered the relationship between Omega arag and Gnet. Predictive models of how future global changes will effect coral growth that are based on oceanic Omega arag must include the influence of future localized Pnet on Gnet and changes in rate of reef carbonate dissolution. The correlation between Omega arag and Gnet over the diel cycle is simply the response of the CO2-carbonate system to increased pH as photosynthesis shifts the equilibria and increases the [CO3]2- relative to the other DIC components of [HCO3]- and [CO2]. Therefore Omega arag closely tracked pH as an effect of changes in Pnet, which also drove changes in Gnet. Measurements of DIC flux and H+ flux are far more useful than concentrations in describing coral metabolism dynamics. Coral reefs are systems that exist in constant disequilibrium with the water column. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-11-19. Dataset Ocean acidification DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Pacific |