Seawater carbonate chemistry and larval development and settlement of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula in a laboratory experiment, supplement to: Wangensteen, Owen S; Dupont, Sam; Casties, Isabel; Turon, Xavier; Palacín, Creu (2013): Some like it hot: Temperature and pH modulate larval development and settlement of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 449, 304-311

• Main Authors: Wangensteen, Owen S, Dupont, Sam, Casties, Isabel, Turon, Xavier, Palacín, Creu
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2013
• Subjects: Animalia; Arbacia lixula; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Coast and continental shelf; Echinodermata; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Reproduction; FOS Medical biotechnology; Single species; Temperate; Temperature; Zooplankton; Species; Treatment; Temperature, water; Incubation duration; Replicate; Larvae; Body length; Width; Length; Identification; Survival; Distance; Individuals; Salinity; Temperature, water, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Bicarbonate ion; Carbonate ion; Experiment; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.833259; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.833259

We studied the effects of temperature and pH on larval development, settlement and juvenile survival of a Mediterranean population of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula. Three temperatures (16, 17.5 and 19 °C) were tested at present pH conditions (pHT 8.1). At 19 °C, two pH levels were compared to reflect present average (pHT 8.1) and near-future average conditions (pHT 7.7, expected by 2100). Larvae were reared for 52-days to achieve the full larval development and complete the metamorphosis to the settler stage. We analyzed larval survival, growth, morphology and settlement success. We also tested the carry-over effect of acidification on juvenile survival after 3 days. Our results showed that larval survival and size significantly increased with temperature. Acidification resulted in higher survival rates and developmental delay. Larval morphology was significantly altered by low temperatures, which led to narrower larvae with relatively shorter skeletal rods, but larval morphology was only marginally affected by acidification. No carry-over effects between larvae and juveniles were detected in early settler survival, though settlers from larvae reared at pH 7.7 were significantly smaller than their counterparts developed at pH 8.1. These results suggest an overall positive effect of environmental parameters related to global change on the reproduction of A. lixula, and reinforce the concerns about the increasing negative impact on shallow Mediterranean ecosystems of this post-glacial colonizer. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-06-05.