Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387
The equator to high southern latitude sea surface and vertical temperature gradients are reconstructed from oxygen isotope values of planktonic and benthic foraminifers for the following five time intervals: late Paleocene, early Eocene, early middle Eocene, late Eocene, and early Oligocene. Paleote...
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ftdatacite:10.1594/pangaea.729901 2023-05-15T18:25:57+02:00 Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C 1994 application/zip https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.729901 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 en eng PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93pa03266 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode cc-by-3.0 CC-BY Drilling/drill rig Leg22 Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Deep Sea Drilling Project DSDP Ocean Drilling Program ODP article Supplementary Collection of Datasets Collection 1994 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.729901 https://doi.org/10.1029/93pa03266 2022-02-09T12:07:01Z The equator to high southern latitude sea surface and vertical temperature gradients are reconstructed from oxygen isotope values of planktonic and benthic foraminifers for the following five time intervals: late Paleocene, early Eocene, early middle Eocene, late Eocene, and early Oligocene. Paleotemperatures are calculated using standard oxygen isotope/temperature equations with adjustments to account for (1) variations in sea water delta18O related to changes in global ice volume over time and (2) latitudinal gradients in surface water delta18O. These reconstructions indicate that sea-surface temperatures (SST) of the Southern Oceans in the early Eocene were as high as 15°C, whereas temperatures during the late Paleocene and early middle Eocene reached maximum levels of 10°-12°C. By the late Eocene and early Oligocene high latitude SST had declined to 6 and 4°C, respectively. For most of the early Paleogene, low latitude sub-tropical temperatures remained constant and well within the range of Holocene temperatures (24°-25°C) but by the late Eocene and early Oligocene declined to values in the range of 18° to 22°C. The late Paleogene apparent decline in tropical temperatures, however, might be artificial because of dissolution of near-surface foraminifera tests which biased sediment assemblages toward deeper-dwelling foraminifera. Moreover, according to recent plate reconstructions, it appears that the majority of sites upon which the late Eocene and early Oligocene tropical temperatures were previously established were located either in or near regions likely to have been influenced by upwelling. Global deepwater temperature on average paralleled southern ocean SST for most of the Paleogene. We speculate based on the overall timing and character of marine sea surface temperature variation during the Paleogene that some combination of both higher levels of greenhouse gases and increased heat transport was responsible for the exceptional high-latitude warmth of the early Eocene. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Southern Ocean |
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Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
English |
topic |
Drilling/drill rig Leg22 Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Deep Sea Drilling Project DSDP Ocean Drilling Program ODP |
spellingShingle |
Drilling/drill rig Leg22 Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Deep Sea Drilling Project DSDP Ocean Drilling Program ODP Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
topic_facet |
Drilling/drill rig Leg22 Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Deep Sea Drilling Project DSDP Ocean Drilling Program ODP |
description |
The equator to high southern latitude sea surface and vertical temperature gradients are reconstructed from oxygen isotope values of planktonic and benthic foraminifers for the following five time intervals: late Paleocene, early Eocene, early middle Eocene, late Eocene, and early Oligocene. Paleotemperatures are calculated using standard oxygen isotope/temperature equations with adjustments to account for (1) variations in sea water delta18O related to changes in global ice volume over time and (2) latitudinal gradients in surface water delta18O. These reconstructions indicate that sea-surface temperatures (SST) of the Southern Oceans in the early Eocene were as high as 15°C, whereas temperatures during the late Paleocene and early middle Eocene reached maximum levels of 10°-12°C. By the late Eocene and early Oligocene high latitude SST had declined to 6 and 4°C, respectively. For most of the early Paleogene, low latitude sub-tropical temperatures remained constant and well within the range of Holocene temperatures (24°-25°C) but by the late Eocene and early Oligocene declined to values in the range of 18° to 22°C. The late Paleogene apparent decline in tropical temperatures, however, might be artificial because of dissolution of near-surface foraminifera tests which biased sediment assemblages toward deeper-dwelling foraminifera. Moreover, according to recent plate reconstructions, it appears that the majority of sites upon which the late Eocene and early Oligocene tropical temperatures were previously established were located either in or near regions likely to have been influenced by upwelling. Global deepwater temperature on average paralleled southern ocean SST for most of the Paleogene. We speculate based on the overall timing and character of marine sea surface temperature variation during the Paleogene that some combination of both higher levels of greenhouse gases and increased heat transport was responsible for the exceptional high-latitude warmth of the early Eocene. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C |
author_facet |
Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C |
author_sort |
Zachos, James C |
title |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
title_short |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
title_full |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
title_fullStr |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites, supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
title_sort |
stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various dsdp/odp sites, supplement to: zachos, james c; stott, lowell d; lohmann, kyger c (1994): evolution of early cenozoic marine temperatures. paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387 |
publisher |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
publishDate |
1994 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.729901 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93pa03266 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode cc-by-3.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.729901 https://doi.org/10.1029/93pa03266 |
_version_ |
1766207705868926976 |