Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria a...
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ftczacademyscien:oai:asep.lib.cas.cz:CavUnEpca/0459180 2024-02-04T09:58:02+01:00 Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard Vonnahme, T.R. Devetter, M. (Miloslav) Žárský, J.D. Šabacká, M. Elster, J. (Josef) 2016 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0259424 eng eng doi:10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 urn:pissn: 1726-4170 urn:eissn: 1726-4189 http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0259424 microalgal communities cryoconite holes high-Arctic glaciers Svalbard info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2016 ftczacademyscien https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 2024-01-09T17:35:12Z Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies (< 10 cells, or > 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N:P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic glacier Svalbard The Czech Academy of Sciences: Publication Activity (ASEP) Arctic Guano ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) Svalbard Biogeosciences 13 3 659 674 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The Czech Academy of Sciences: Publication Activity (ASEP) |
op_collection_id |
ftczacademyscien |
language |
English |
topic |
microalgal communities cryoconite holes high-Arctic glaciers Svalbard |
spellingShingle |
microalgal communities cryoconite holes high-Arctic glaciers Svalbard Vonnahme, T.R. Devetter, M. (Miloslav) Žárský, J.D. Šabacká, M. Elster, J. (Josef) Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
topic_facet |
microalgal communities cryoconite holes high-Arctic glaciers Svalbard |
description |
Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies (< 10 cells, or > 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N:P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vonnahme, T.R. Devetter, M. (Miloslav) Žárský, J.D. Šabacká, M. Elster, J. (Josef) |
author_facet |
Vonnahme, T.R. Devetter, M. (Miloslav) Žárský, J.D. Šabacká, M. Elster, J. (Josef) |
author_sort |
Vonnahme, T.R. |
title |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_short |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_full |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_sort |
controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-arctic glaciers, svalbard |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0259424 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) |
geographic |
Arctic Guano Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Guano Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic glacier Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic glacier Svalbard |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 urn:pissn: 1726-4170 urn:eissn: 1726-4189 http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0259424 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
659 |
op_container_end_page |
674 |
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1789962359833362432 |