Испытания хребтины, утяжеленной свинцовым сердечником, на ярусном промысле в прикамчатских водах

• Main Authors: Артюхин, Ю., Винников, А., Терентьев, Д.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие «Тихоокеанский научно-исследовательский рыбохозяйственный центр» 2008
• Subjects: ДОННЫЙ ЯРУСНЫЙ ПРОМЫСЕЛ; УТЯЖЕЛЕННАЯ ХРЕБТИНА; СКОРОСТЬ ПОГРУЖЕНИЯ; СОКРАЩЕНИЕ ПРИЛОВА; СМЕРТНОСТЬ МОРСКИХ ПТИЦ; Greenland; Kamchatka; Turbot
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ispytaniya-hrebtiny-utyazhelennoy-svintsovym-serdechnikom-na-yarusnom-promysle-v-prikamchatskih-vodah; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/932258.png

Приводятся результаты испытаний экспериментального яруса, снаряженного на основе хребтины с внутренним свинцовым сердечником, средняя масса которого составляет 50 г/м. Исследования выполнены в апреле 2005 г. на среднетоннажном судне с автоматизированным ярусным комплексом на промысле черного палтуса в Западно-Камчатской и Камчатско-Курильской подзонах. В качестве контрольной линии применяли традиционно используемый ярус из обыкновенной хребтины со стандартным набором внешних грузил средней массой 15 г/м. Показано, как в зависимости от типа хребтины меняются скорость погружения яруса, количественный и качественный состав улова рыбы и прилова других животных, сохранность наживы при постановке яруса вследствие атак птиц, эксплуатационные характеристики яруса. New fishing gear longline with integrated weight (lead core) was tested aboard the medium-capacity boat for fishing Greenland turbot in the waters at western Kamchatka and northern Kuril Islands in April 2005. The experimental longline with integrated weight (IW) was compared with a control (standard) unweighted line (UW) with external weights (15 g/m). The weight of lead core in the IW line was 50 g/m. Average sink rates for IW and UW lines were 0.25 and 0.15 m/sec, respectively. The higher sink rate of the IW gear provides certain advantages for demersal fishing and particularly for deep-water long-line fishing. First, the faster the longline reaches the bottom, the better is the bite attraction and hence the higher is the catch. Second, the IW line falls on the sea surface on average 25 % closer to the stern than the UW line (6.06 and 8.13 m, respectively) that could be very helpful in winter because of decreasing the chance of getting on ice. Third, the IW line reaches the 2-meter depth on the 2.5 times shorter distance from the stern (on average 37.2 m), therefore the bait on IW line is faster unavailable for seabirds and closer to the ship, as well. That's why the average number of seabird attacks for the UW was higher: 12.92 ± 2.58 against 10.26 ± 2.40 for the IW. As the result of these advantages, the average catch of all species by the IW line was 230.87 ± 8.50 fish/1000 hooks that was significantly higher than the UW catch (187.37 ± 6.64 fish/1000 hooks). The difference were determined mostly by the bycatch, in particular its most numerous species dipline eelpout. Relative abundance of this species in the IW catch was in 46.6 % higher than in the catch of UW line. The catches of target species (Greenland turbot and halibut) were almost similar: 53.70 ± 7.15 fish/1000 hooks for the UW line and 47.54 ± 6.65 fish/1000 hooks for the IW line. There are no significant differences in exploitation characteristics of the UW and IW lines. The latter suits well the bait placing and picking up mechanisms, and is easy coiled up or repaired. Its characteristics are concluded as at least not worse then those of the UW line and provide some advantages.