Питание молоди кеты (Oncorhynchus keta) в период летнего нагула в южной части Охотского моря

• Main Authors: Немчинова, И., Коваленко, С.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие «Тихоокеанский научно-исследовательский рыбохозяйственный центр» 2004
• Subjects: Keta; Okhotsk; okhotsk sea; Sakhalin
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/pitanie-molodi-kety-oncorhynchus-keta-v-period-letnego-nagula-v-yuzhnoy-chasti-ohotskogo-morya; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/7356647.png

Материал для статьи был собран в конце июня июле 2003 г. во время траловой пелагической съемки на НПС "Дм. Песков". Представлены результаты исследования питания молоди кеты, нагуливающейся в эпипелагиали южной части Охотского моря в летний период, определены состав и интенсивность питания молоди кеты; рассчитаны величины суточных рационов; рассмотрены различия в питании рыб, выловленных в разных районах, и изменение пищевых спектров с ростом молоди кеты. The survey of fry salmon was conducted aboard the research vessel "Dmitry Peskov" by midwater rope trawl (54.4/192 m) on the shelf and continental slope of southeast Sakhalin (including the Aniva Bay), the shelf and continental slope of southern Kuril Islands, and in the deep part of the Okhotsk Sea in June-August, 2003. All the caught chum salmon individuals (25 specimens near Sakhalin and 133 specimens near southern Kuril Islands) were used for the analysis of feeding. In total, 34 forms of sea invertebrates, fish eggs and larvae, and air insects were found in alimentary canals of fry chum salmon, which belonged to several faunistic complexes. Among them, Euphausia pacifica, Thysanoessa longipes, Themisto japonica, Primno macropa, fish larvae, and Neocalanus sp. were related to the preferred food by the basic parameter of food "demand" (factor of abundance). Fry chum salmons with size > 5 cm consumed rather large planktonic organisms up to 15 mm long. As far as the fry grew (up to 12 cm), their food spectrum extended considerably: the size limit of the fodder increased and species of Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa appeared. However, a high portion of small prey (Themisto japonica, Oikopleura vanhoeffeni) remained in the diet. Fry chum salmon fed rather intensively: the mean index of stomach fullness was 178.15 ‰о, varying by areas from 38.84 ‰о to 333.06 ‰о. Taking into account growth rate and metabolic expenditure of the chum, its daily need in food was 9.95 % of body weight. The diet determined by account of the consumed food had similar value (in average, 7.61 % of body weight), but varied considerably both by areas and individuals.