Динамика популяций массовых видов камбал (Рleuronectidae) западнокамчатского шельфа

• Main Author: Дьяков, Юрий
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие «Тихоокеанский научно-исследовательский рыбохозяйственный центр» 2009
• Subjects: КАМБАЛЫ; ДИНАМИКА ЧИСЛЕННОСТИ; ПОПУЛЯЦИОННЫЙ РОСТ; Kamchatka; Sakhalin; Alaska
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/dinamika-populyatsiy-massovyh-vidov-kambal-rleuronectidae-zapadnokamchatskogo-shelfa; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/2052152.png

Дана характеристика динамики численности популяций 5 массовых видов камбал западнокамчатского шельфа: желтоперой Limanda aspera (Pallas), четырехбугорчатой Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus (Pallas), сахалинской Limanda sak-halinensis (Hubbs), хоботной Myzopsetta proboscidea (Gilbert) и узкозубой палтусовидной Hippoglossoides elassodon (Jordan et Gilbert). На основе данных продолжительного ряда наблюдений (1963-2006 гг.) построены математические модели популяционного роста численности и биомассы камбал, а также формирования численности их поколений в зависимости от некоторых популяционных и внепопуляционных факторов. Моделирование динамики популяций показало, что начиная с 2007-2008 гг. ожидается снижение суммарной биомассы и численности их нерестовой части, которое будет продолжаться по 2011-2012 гг. Затем ожидается их подъем до середины 2010-х гг. с последующим сокращением запасов. The basis of flounder fishery on the shelf of West Kamchatka is made by yellowfin sole Limanda aspera (Pallas), Alaska plaice Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus (Pallas), Sakhalin sole Limanda sakhalinensis (Hubbs), longhead dab Mysopsetta proboscidea (Gilbert), and flathead sole Hippoglossoides elassodon (Jordan et Gilbert). These populations' dynamics could be divided onto three periods, depending on the stocks level: 1963-1978 with low stocks, 1979-1994 with medium stocks, and 1995-2006 with high stocks. All flounders populations have a general trend to increasing since 1980s. The stock of yellowfin sole increased until the early 1990s, the stock of longhead dab until the late 1990s, and the stock of Sakhalin sole until the early 2000s. The rate of increasing has been reduced gradually but still was positive by the end of the study, in the other words the populations of these three species were still growing at reduced rates. As for Alaska plaice and flathead sole, their populations increased until the mid 1990s and early 2000s respectively when they began to decrease, although Alaska plaice stock is increasing again recently. To provide interspecies comparison for the dynamics of populations, the specific growth rate dN/Ndt is used. It is found that currently the yellowfin sole population is nearer to its abundance limit than other species. Longhead dab and Sakhalin sole also demonstrate the tendency to exhausting their environments carrying capacity. Generally stable specific growth rate during the period of investigation is characteristic for the populations of Alaska plaice and flathead sole that obviously indicate high limits of their abundance, substantially higher than current states. Certain periodicities of the summary biomass and spawning stock fluctuation are revealed for each species that is used as the basement for prognostic models of the populations changes until 2020. Judging from the models, a decrease in the summary biomass and spawning stock of all flounders is expected in the period from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012, afterwards a new increase is expected until the mid 2010s, that will be followed by a new reduction of the stocks.