ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ МЕТОДОВ РЕКУЛЬТИВАЦИИ ЗАГРЯЗНЁННЫХ НЕФТЬЮ ПОЧВ

• Main Authors: МЕЛЕХИНА Е.Н., МАРКАРОВА М.Ю., АНЧУГОВА Е.М., ЩЕМЕЛИНИНА Т.Н., КАНЕВ В.А.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Коми научный центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук 2016
• Subjects: НЕФТЯНОЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ,МЕТОДЫ РЕКУЛЬТИВАЦИИ,НЕФТЕПРОДУКТЫ,МИКРОБОЦЕНОЗ,ФИТОЦЕНОЗ,ЗООЦЕНОЗ,ЕВРОПЕЙСКАЯ СУБАРКТИКА,OIL POLLUTION,METHODS OF RECULTIVATION,OIL,MICROBIOCENOSIS,PHYTOCENOSIS,ZOOCENOSIS,EUROPEAN SUBARCTIC; Subarctic; Субарктика
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/opredelenie-effektivnosti-metodov-rekultivatsii-zagryaznyonnyh-neftyu-pochv; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/16967986.png

Подобран комплекс параметров для оценки эффективности методов рекультивации загрязнённых нефтью почв в условиях европейской Субарктики. Это параметры, характеризующие интенсивность процессов трансформации нефтепродуктов в почве, а также динамику разнообразия почвенной биоты. Показано, что эффективна рекультивация с применением биопрепаратов, которая способствует более быстрому восстановлению почвы, чем агрохимическая рекультивация и механическое удаление нефти. A complex of abiotic and biotic parameters for the efficiency evaluation of oilpolluted soils recultivation methods in the European Subarctic region is proposed.Abiotic parameters which reflect dynamics of transformation of oil in soil were applied. These were technogenesis diagnostic ratio (TDR) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) which showed a ratio between hydrocarbons of technogenic and natural genesis, and also the CPI index (carbon preference index) which was mathematical expression of a distribution model of aliphatic hydrocarbons. The biotic parameters reflecting the dynamics of soil biota at oil pollution were provided. Data on the number of microorganisms oil-destructors was analyzed. Application of data on catalase and dehydrogenase activity of soil, and also Gmea index geometrical mean of the enzymatic activity, was recommended. Phytocenosis dynamics was estimated according to a projective cover degree and species composition. The model of soil microfauna progressive succession was provided as a diagnostic one. Such taxonomical groups of microfauna as dipterous (larvae), kollembola, mesostigmatid mites and oribatid were selected for biomarkers of specific stages of succession. Parameters of microarthropod diversity, such as population density, number of taxonomic groups and their relative abundance, abundance and taxonomic composition of trophic groups: predators and saprophagous were used as indicators.The example of industrial site recultivation demonstrates the practical application of a complex of indices and parameters of diversity of soil biota.