РАЗВИТИЕ СИСТЕМЫ ОСОБО ОХРАНЯЕМЫХ ПРИРОДНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ (ООПТ) - ОСНОВА СОХРАНЕНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ПРИРОДНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ

• Main Authors: ПРИСЯЖНАЯ АЛЛА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА, ЧЕРНОВА ОЛЬГА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА, СНАКИН ВАЛЕРИЙ ВИКТОРОВИЧ
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Автономная некоммерческая организация Научно-издательский Центр "Пространство и Время" 2016
• Subjects: БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЕ,ПОЧВЕННОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ,ПОЧВЕННОЕ КАРТОГРАФИРОВАНИЕ,ООПТ,ЗАПОВЕДНИК,НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ПАРК,BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY,SOIL DIVERSITY,SOIL MAPPING,NATURE RESERVED AREAS,NATURE RESERVE,NATIONAL PARK; taiga; Siberia
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/razvitie-sistemy-osobo-ohranyaemyh-prirodnyh-territoriy-oopt-osnova-sohraneniya-biologicheskogo-raznoobraziya-prirodnyh-kompleksov; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/16794655.png

В статье обсуждается роль почв в поддержании общебиосферного баланса и сохранении биологического и ландшафтного разнообразия. Рассмотрена репрезентативность системы ООПТ России с позиции представленности разнообразия почв и ландшафтов. Проведённый анализ показал несоответствие распространённости различных групп почв на территории страны и занимаемой ими площади в пределах охраняемых территорий и, соответственно, необходимость коррекции существующей системы заповедников и национальных парков. The problem of conservation of dwindling biodiversity on our planet is inextricably linked to the protection of endangered animal and plant species in areas of their natural habitat. Hereat, maintaining the historically formed cycles of matter and energy in these areas is possible only when adequate space of virgin (or minimally affected by human activity) is allocated ecosystems. It is obvious that the bio-resources management, evaluation and prediction of changes in these areas is not possible without the regime of long-term studies of regulatory processes in ecosystems. Such studies need to be timed to prototype objects selected within the protected areas. Russia, with its vast territory, as a member-state of the UN Convention ‘On Biological Diversity’ bears primary responsibility for the conservation of biodiversity in Northern Eurasia at the highest (ecosystem) level. Implementation of this mission depends, first of all on representativeness of Russia’s network of specially protected natural territories. In our article, we represent analysis of the role of soil in maintaining biosphere balance and the conservation of biological diversity and provide information about soils and of nature reserves and national parks in Russia. Based on the cartographic information ( Soils’ Map of Russia 1:2.500.000 scale), we estimated representation of nature reserved areas in Russia for conservation of natural soil diversity. We calculated different soils presentation in nature reserves and national parks by means of ArcView GIS system considering the number and areas of soil types and complexes. Our analysis has shown that 37% of soils and 67% of complexes from Soils’ Map legend are not represented in nature reserves and national parks. We also found that reserve areas are irrationally allocated; there is notable discrepancy between the area of different soil groups in the country and within the protected territories. Therefore, the correction of a modern system of reserves and national parks is necessary. First of all, it is necessary to expand a network of steppe reserves and of taiga reserves (in Siberia outside areas of mountain zonal sequence). We conclude the organization of new cluster reserves is a real way for conservation of a biodiversity in the conditions of high anthropogenic impact. Such measures will allow to distribute nature reserves more evenly on the territory of the country and to capture the main soil differences, having provided thereby more reliable conservation both landscape and biodiversity.