ВЫСОКОПРОЧНЫЕ ПЕТРОСИТАЛЛОВЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ ДЛЯ РАБОТЫ В ОСОБЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ АРКТИКИ

• Main Authors: Мананков, Анатолий, Владимиров, Валерий, Страхов, Борис
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" 2014
• Subjects: ПЕТРОСИТАЛЛЫ; СИКАМЫ; СУБСОЛИДУСНАЯ ЛИКВАЦИЯ; ТЕРМОГРАММЫ; ЭНЕРГИИ АКТИВАЦИИ ЗАРОДЫШЕОБРАЗОВА-НИЯ И РОСТА КРИСТАЛЛОВ; ФРАКТАЛЬНОСТЬ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ СТРУКТУР; ВЕЛИЧИНА ЗОЛОТОЙ ПРОПОРЦИИ ДЛЯ СИКАМОВ; СВАЙНОЭСТАКАДНАЯ ДОРОЖНАЯ КОНСТРУКЦИЯ; КУПОЛ ФУЛЛЕРА; FULLER''S DOME; Arctic; Fuller; permafrost
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vysokoprochnye-petrositallovye-konstruktsii-dlya-raboty-v-osobyh-usloviyah-arktiki; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/15665304.png

Изучены минеральный, химический состав и геохимия вулканитов основного состава и метаморфических пород трех золоторудных месторождений в восточной части Полярного Урала. Методами физической геохимии на основе этих пород разработаны четыре состава петроситаллов класса «сикам». Установлена величина золотой пропорции для структурной гармонии ситаллов метасиликатного состава из класса «сикам». Ситаллы и созданные на их основе композитные конструкции являются перспективными для строительства дорог и промышленных объектов по добыче углеводородного сырья в условиях многолетнемерзлых пород Заполярья и арктического шельфа. The object of research is the rock of the Polar Urals and manufacture of petrositalls based on them. The purpose is a theoretical calculation and experimental glass-ceramic materials production based on class of the sikam rocks of the Polar Urals. In operation, we studied rocks petrochemicals, calculated compositions and process parameters for obtaining petrositalls. The calculated composition was performed by the method of molecular regulatory of P. Niggli. It allows adjusting the compositions of monomineral metasilicates with a vast field of isomorphic structures like clinopyroxene and wollastonite. It is these metasilicates that are the most promising because submicrocrystalline structures provide a number of materials with valuable physico-chemical and mechanical properties. The calculation of the theoretical chemical and mineral composition of petrositalls was obtained. By the basic properties of the complex we determined the optimal conditions for the synthesis of nanostructures of fractal crystals of pyroxene and wollastonites. We received the confirmation of the optimality of initial compositions and process parameters. Synthesized petrositalls meet sikam class and have a monomineral metasilicate composition. In this case by the results of XRD they correspond to either pure diopside (CaMgSi 2O 6), or solid solutions of clinopyroxene diopside-hedenbergite series, or a solid solution of clinopyroxene-P-wollastonite with a nanoand submicrocrystalline structure that defines their superior performance. Pictures of the processes of controlled nanocrystal synthesis made in the electron microscope prove the fractal nature of these processes. As a large territory of Russia is located in permafrost areas, there are urgent problems of innovative high quality industrial construction of roads and railways, airfields and so on, even artificial islands, atolls for offshore gas and oil production. For road and rail routes primarily West Siberian Arctic projects are being developed with the use of plate piled trestle structure within which pass all the necessary communications. Findings. In the study of the possibility of obtaining petrositalls in three fields of rocks of the Polar Urals the following results were obtained: 1) the theoretically calculated and experimentally sophisticated technological parameters of pyroxene crystallization and of wollas-tonite allow receiving quality construction material; 2) the study of the samples of petrositalls showed that they correspond to the expected results and meet the requirements of modern industry and are cheaper than steel and concrete structures; 3) the proposed technological solution can partially solve the problem of disposal of waste of the mining industry; 4) besides the study of trends in the distribution of rare and trace elements we obtained "point" facts in favor of the existing hypothesis of the development of the Urals fold belt; 5) the currently elaborated new methodology of petrositalls sikam class can be considered fully tested in the laboratory and finished to factory tests; 6) petrositall constructions like piles, plates, tubing are several times cheaper, stronger and more durable than concrete and metal. Using the new designs during the development of the Arctic shelf can bring savings of hundreds of billions rubles.