ИЗ ИСТОРИИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ГОРНОГО АЛТАЯ П.А. ЧИХАЧЕВЫМ В 1842 Г

• Main Author: Мукаева, Лариса
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" 2011
• Subjects: ГОРНЫЙ АЛТАЙ; П.А. ЧИХАЧЕВ; ЭКСПЕДИЦИЯ; P.A. CHIHACHEV; Goldfields; permafrost
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/iz-istorii-izucheniya-gornogo-altaya-p-a-chihachevym-v-1842-g; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/14014531.png

В статье освещается значительное событие в истории исследования Горного Алтая в досоветское время геологическая экспедиция российского ученого П.А. Чихачева 1842 г. Проанализированы цель и задачи научной экспедиции, аналогов которой не было ни до, ни после 1842 г. The article reveals a significant event in the history of investigation of Gorny Altai in pre-Soviet time the geological expedition of a Russian scientist P.A. Chihachev in 1842. The work analyses the aim and tasks of the scientific expedition, which had no analogue either before or after 1842. The Ministry of Finance entrusted the outstanding scientist who had European recognition with the investigation of all the south-eastern part of the Altai region, which was not investigated because of its remoteness from the main mining centres of Zmeinogorsk and Salair districts, and because it was uninhabited and hard to reach as well. The Finance Department, which rented the entire Altai mountain district, thought it to be important to hold general geological investigation of ore wealth in that part of Altai. The department intended to find out the prospects of industrial development of stream and ore gold and other ore resources in South-Eastern Altai. Another aim of the scientist was exploration of the region bordering with the Chinese Empire and detection of river heads of the main rivers of South-Eastern Altai: the Chuya and the Chulyshman. The work describes in detail the route of the scientific expedition. While investigating the geological structure of the banks of the Sema, the Ursul, the Katun, the Chuya, the Chulyshman and their inflows, the scientist compiled the pictures of rocks, which he studied during the expedition. P.A. Chihachev pointed out three goldfields, which he found in the course of his journey, they are the basins of the Sema, the Ursul and the Chuya. Along the Chulyshman inflow -the Kairu he investigated an iron-ore deposit and came to a conclusion that the deposit was promising for industrial development despite its remoteness and inaccessibility. He found demonstrations of brown iron in other regions of Gorny Altai. The work underlines the significance of Chihachevs geological discoveries in Gorny Altai. In some places the scientist found cinnabar and almost one hundred years later following the tracks of Chihachevs expedition the Soviet scientists found large deposits of mercury. The scientist paid attention to the displays of non-metallic rocks and minerals. Afterwards in the last third of the 19th century the scientists conducted searches of asbestos for its industrial mining. When conducting prospecting works P.A. Chihachev used well boring. The significance of the investigation in 1834 is in the fact that besides clarification of the geological picture of Gorny Altai P.A. Chihachev studied the hydrology, described the flora and fauna of the district, he also discovered the river heads of the Chuya and the Chulyshman and the phenomenon of permafrost in South-Eastern Altai. Chihachev left many valuable recommendations and suggestions concerning the economic use of natural resources of Gorny Altai.