ПРОБЛЕМЫ В УГОЛЬНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ КАК ФАКТОР РОСТА ПРОТЕСТНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ ШАХТЕРОВ КУЗБАССА ВО ВРЕМЯ ПЕРЕХОДА К РЫНКУ (1992-1999 ГГ.)

• Main Author: Соловенко, Игорь
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" 2012
• Subjects: ПЕРЕХОД К РЫНКУ; УГОЛЬНАЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТЬ; КУЗБАСС; ШАХТЁРЫ; ПРОТЕСТЫ; Pechora; Vorkuta
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/problemy-v-ugolnoy-promyshlennosti-kak-faktor-rosta-protestnogo-dvizheniya-shahterov-kuzbassa-vo-vremya-perehoda-k-rynku-1992-1999-gg; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/14006254.png

Представлены проблемы в угольной промышленности Кузбасса во время перехода к рыночным отношениям. Выделены как общие, так и региональные особенности кризисных явлений базовой отрасли. Показано их влияние на рост протестного движения шахтёров. In 1990 miners were one of the main actors in the protest movement in Russia and in Kuzbass particularly. The protest activity of miners was caused by the crises in coal industry which had both common for the country characteristics and special regional features. The worst mistakes and failures which lad the main Kuzbass industry to crisis are the following: lack of the industry development plan neither on the federal nor on the regional level, disorganization of the industry management system from lower to upper levels, reduced budgeting of restructuring programs, inflation, unbalanced pricing policy, bad investment potential of the industry, decrease in the population purchasing power, criminalization of coal production, destroying the geological survey, reduction of the working capital, obsolete technologies, strikes, employee turnover, incomplete fulfillment of social obligations by the RF government. As a result from 1992 to 1999 coal production in the region fell from 120 to 109 million tons, coal mines lost their competitive advantages. The main economic performances (especially productivity) at Kusbass mines were worse than those at mines of Pechora basin. Low salaries and irregular payments led to a dramatic decay of "the working elite". The miners believed that strike movement is the way out of the crisis. The protest movement of miners in Kuzbass was the most powerful in 1997-1998, which is the period when problems in coal-mining industry were aggravated. At the same time the impact of the coal industry crisis on the growth of miners protest movement during transition to a market economy shouldn't be overestimated. The research showed that the condition of Kuzbass coal production was worse than that of Pechora basin. However until June 1998 Kuzbass miners didn't show such active protest actions as miners in Vorkuta and Inta did. Therefore the protest movement of miners in Kuzbass in 1990-s was restrained by some other factors which are poorly studied.