Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography
We present an upper mantle P-wave velocity model for the Ross Sea Embayment (RSE) region of West Antarctica, constructed by inverting relative P-wave travel-times from 1881 teleseismic earthquakes recorded by two temporary broadband seismograph deployments on the Ross Ice Shelf, as well as by region...
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ftcwashingtonuni:oai:digitalcommons.cwu.edu:cotsfac-1295 2023-05-15T13:47:32+02:00 Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography White-Gaynor, Austin L. Nyblade, Andrew A. Aster, Richard C. Wiens, Douglas A. Bromirski, Peter D. Gerstoft, Peter Stephen, Ralph A. Hansen, Samantha E. Wilson, Terry Dalziel, Ian W. Huerta, Audrey D. Winberry, J. Paul Anandakrishnan, Sridhar 2019-05-01T07:00:00Z https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cotsfac/295 https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10095101 unknown ScholarWorks@CWU https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cotsfac/295 https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10095101 © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences Antarctica Ross Sea Embayment West Antarctic Rift System mantle structure seismic tomography Marie Byrd Land Geology Geomorphology Geophysics and Seismology Glaciology Oceanography Tectonics and Structure text 2019 ftcwashingtonuni 2022-10-20T20:29:17Z We present an upper mantle P-wave velocity model for the Ross Sea Embayment (RSE) region of West Antarctica, constructed by inverting relative P-wave travel-times from 1881 teleseismic earthquakes recorded by two temporary broadband seismograph deployments on the Ross Ice Shelf, as well as by regional ice-and rock-sited seismic stations surrounding the RSE. Faster upper mantle P-wave velocities ( ∼ + 1% ) characterize the eastern part of the RSE, indicating that the lithosphere in this part of the RSE may not have been reheated by mid-to-late Cenozoic rifting that affected other parts of the Late Cretaceous West Antarctic Rift System. Slower upper mantle velocities ( ∼ − 1% ) characterize the western part of the RSE over a ∼500km-wide region, extending from the central RSE to the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM). Within this region, the model shows two areas of even slower velocities ( ∼ − 1.5% ) centered beneath Mt. Erebus and Mt. Melbourne along the TAM front. We attribute the broader region of slow velocities mainly to reheating of the lithospheric mantle by Paleogene rifting, while the slower velocities beneath the areas of recent volcanism may reflect a Neogene-present phase of rifting and/or plume activity associated with the formation of the Terror Rift. Beneath the Ford Ranges and King Edward VII Peninsula in western Marie Byrd Land, the P-wave model shows lateral variability in upper mantle velocities of ± 0.5% over distances of a few hundredkm. The heterogeneity in upper mantle velocities imaged beneath the RSE and western Marie Byrd Land, assuming no significant variation in mantle composition, indicates variations in upper mantle temperatures of at least 100°C. These temperature variations could lead to differences in surface heat flow of ∼±10mW/m2 and mantle viscosity of 102 Pas regionally across the study area, possibly influencing the stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet by affecting basal ice conditions and glacial isostatic adjustment. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Marie Byrd Land Ross Ice Shelf Ross Sea West Antarctica Central Washington University: ScholarWorks Antarctic Byrd Edward VII Peninsula ENVELOPE(-155.000,-155.000,-77.667,-77.667) Ford Ranges ENVELOPE(-145.000,-145.000,-77.000,-77.000) Marie Byrd Land ENVELOPE(-130.000,-130.000,-78.000,-78.000) Ross Ice Shelf Ross Sea Transantarctic Mountains West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctica |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Central Washington University: ScholarWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftcwashingtonuni |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Antarctica Ross Sea Embayment West Antarctic Rift System mantle structure seismic tomography Marie Byrd Land Geology Geomorphology Geophysics and Seismology Glaciology Oceanography Tectonics and Structure |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica Ross Sea Embayment West Antarctic Rift System mantle structure seismic tomography Marie Byrd Land Geology Geomorphology Geophysics and Seismology Glaciology Oceanography Tectonics and Structure White-Gaynor, Austin L. Nyblade, Andrew A. Aster, Richard C. Wiens, Douglas A. Bromirski, Peter D. Gerstoft, Peter Stephen, Ralph A. Hansen, Samantha E. Wilson, Terry Dalziel, Ian W. Huerta, Audrey D. Winberry, J. Paul Anandakrishnan, Sridhar Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography |
topic_facet |
Antarctica Ross Sea Embayment West Antarctic Rift System mantle structure seismic tomography Marie Byrd Land Geology Geomorphology Geophysics and Seismology Glaciology Oceanography Tectonics and Structure |
description |
We present an upper mantle P-wave velocity model for the Ross Sea Embayment (RSE) region of West Antarctica, constructed by inverting relative P-wave travel-times from 1881 teleseismic earthquakes recorded by two temporary broadband seismograph deployments on the Ross Ice Shelf, as well as by regional ice-and rock-sited seismic stations surrounding the RSE. Faster upper mantle P-wave velocities ( ∼ + 1% ) characterize the eastern part of the RSE, indicating that the lithosphere in this part of the RSE may not have been reheated by mid-to-late Cenozoic rifting that affected other parts of the Late Cretaceous West Antarctic Rift System. Slower upper mantle velocities ( ∼ − 1% ) characterize the western part of the RSE over a ∼500km-wide region, extending from the central RSE to the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM). Within this region, the model shows two areas of even slower velocities ( ∼ − 1.5% ) centered beneath Mt. Erebus and Mt. Melbourne along the TAM front. We attribute the broader region of slow velocities mainly to reheating of the lithospheric mantle by Paleogene rifting, while the slower velocities beneath the areas of recent volcanism may reflect a Neogene-present phase of rifting and/or plume activity associated with the formation of the Terror Rift. Beneath the Ford Ranges and King Edward VII Peninsula in western Marie Byrd Land, the P-wave model shows lateral variability in upper mantle velocities of ± 0.5% over distances of a few hundredkm. The heterogeneity in upper mantle velocities imaged beneath the RSE and western Marie Byrd Land, assuming no significant variation in mantle composition, indicates variations in upper mantle temperatures of at least 100°C. These temperature variations could lead to differences in surface heat flow of ∼±10mW/m2 and mantle viscosity of 102 Pas regionally across the study area, possibly influencing the stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet by affecting basal ice conditions and glacial isostatic adjustment. |
format |
Text |
author |
White-Gaynor, Austin L. Nyblade, Andrew A. Aster, Richard C. Wiens, Douglas A. Bromirski, Peter D. Gerstoft, Peter Stephen, Ralph A. Hansen, Samantha E. Wilson, Terry Dalziel, Ian W. Huerta, Audrey D. Winberry, J. Paul Anandakrishnan, Sridhar |
author_facet |
White-Gaynor, Austin L. Nyblade, Andrew A. Aster, Richard C. Wiens, Douglas A. Bromirski, Peter D. Gerstoft, Peter Stephen, Ralph A. Hansen, Samantha E. Wilson, Terry Dalziel, Ian W. Huerta, Audrey D. Winberry, J. Paul Anandakrishnan, Sridhar |
author_sort |
White-Gaynor, Austin L. |
title |
Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography |
title_short |
Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography |
title_full |
Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography |
title_fullStr |
Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the Ross Sea Embayment and Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, revealed by P-wave tomography |
title_sort |
heterogeneous upper mantle structure beneath the ross sea embayment and marie byrd land, west antarctica, revealed by p-wave tomography |
publisher |
ScholarWorks@CWU |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cotsfac/295 https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10095101 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-155.000,-155.000,-77.667,-77.667) ENVELOPE(-145.000,-145.000,-77.000,-77.000) ENVELOPE(-130.000,-130.000,-78.000,-78.000) |
geographic |
Antarctic Byrd Edward VII Peninsula Ford Ranges Marie Byrd Land Ross Ice Shelf Ross Sea Transantarctic Mountains West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctica |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Byrd Edward VII Peninsula Ford Ranges Marie Byrd Land Ross Ice Shelf Ross Sea Transantarctic Mountains West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctica |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Marie Byrd Land Ross Ice Shelf Ross Sea West Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Marie Byrd Land Ross Ice Shelf Ross Sea West Antarctica |
op_source |
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cotsfac/295 https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10095101 |
op_rights |
© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
_version_ |
1766247272702541824 |