Atmospheric rivers contribute to summer surface buoyancy forcing in the atlantic sector of the southern ocean

• Published in: Geophysical Research Letters
• Main Authors: Edholm, JM, Swart, S, Plessis, Marcel D, Nicholson, Sarah-Anne
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2022
• Subjects: Atmospheric rivers; Rainfall events; Southern Ocean; Surface heat flux
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12742; https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100149

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) dominate moisture transport globally; however, it is unknown what impact ARs have on surface ocean buoyancy. This study explores the surface buoyancy gained by ARs using high-resolution surface observations from a Wave Glider deployed in the subpolar Southern Ocean (54°S, 0°E) between 19 December 2018 and 12 February 2019 (55 days). When ARs combine with storms, the associated precipitation is significantly enhanced (189%). In addition, the daily accumulation of AR-induced precipitation provides a buoyancy gain to the surface ocean equivalent to warming by surface heat fluxes. Over the 55 days, ARs accounted for 47% of the total precipitation equating to 10% of the summer surface ocean buoyancy gain. This study indicates that ARs play an important role in the summer precipitation over the subpolar Southern Ocean and that they can alter the upper-ocean buoyancy budget from synoptic to seasonal timescales. 10 © 2022. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Smart Places Ocean Systems and Climate