Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition
The role and climatic impact of the opening of the Drake Passage and how it affected both marine and terrestrial environments across the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT ∼34 Ma) period remains poorly understood. Here we present new terrestrial palynomorph data compared with recently compiled lipid b...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/359479 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/359479 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Cooling Eocene Eocene-Oligocene boundary Glacial environment Paleoclimate Paleoenvironment Vegetation history |
spellingShingle |
Cooling Eocene Eocene-Oligocene boundary Glacial environment Paleoclimate Paleoenvironment Vegetation history Thompson, Nick Salzmann, Ulrich López-Quirós, Adrián Bijl, Peter K. Hoem, Frida S. Etourneau, Johan Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine Roignant, Sabine Hocking, Emma Amoo, Michael Escutia, Carlota Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition |
topic_facet |
Cooling Eocene Eocene-Oligocene boundary Glacial environment Paleoclimate Paleoenvironment Vegetation history |
description |
The role and climatic impact of the opening of the Drake Passage and how it affected both marine and terrestrial environments across the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT ∼34 Ma) period remains poorly understood. Here we present new terrestrial palynomorph data compared with recently compiled lipid biomarker (n-alkane) data from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 113, Site 696, drilled on the margin of the South Orkney Microcontinent (SOM) in the Weddell Sea, to investigate changes in terrestrial environments and palaeoclimate across the late Eocene and early Oligocene (∼37.6-32.2 Ma). Early late Eocene floras and sporomorph-based climate estimates reveal Nothofagus-dominated forests growing under wet temperate conditions, with mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) around 12 C and 1802 mm respectively. A phase of latest Eocene terrestrial cooling at 35.5 Ma reveals a decrease in MAT by around 1.4 C possibly linked to the opening of the Powell Basin. This is followed by an increase in reworked Mesozoic sporomorphs together with sedimentological evidence indicating ice expansion to coastal and shelf areas approximately 34.1 Myr ago. However, major changes to the terrestrial vegetation at Site 696 did not take place until the early Oligocene, where there is a distinct expansion of gymnosperms and cryptogams accompanied by a rapid increase in taxon diversity and a shift in terrestrial biomarkers reflecting a change from temperate forests to cool temperate forests following 33.5 Ma. This surprising expansion of gymnosperms and cryptogams is suggested to be linked to environmental disturbance caused by repeat glacial expansion and retreat, which facilitated the proliferation of conifers and ferns. The timing of glacial onset at Site 696 is linked to the global cooling at the EOT, yet the latest Eocene regional cooling cannot directly be linked to the observed vegetation changes. Therefore, our vegetation record provides further evidence that the opening of the Drake Passage and Antarctic glaciation were ... |
author2 |
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) European Commission European Research Council Natural Environment Research Council (UK) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thompson, Nick Salzmann, Ulrich López-Quirós, Adrián Bijl, Peter K. Hoem, Frida S. Etourneau, Johan Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine Roignant, Sabine Hocking, Emma Amoo, Michael Escutia, Carlota |
author_facet |
Thompson, Nick Salzmann, Ulrich López-Quirós, Adrián Bijl, Peter K. Hoem, Frida S. Etourneau, Johan Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine Roignant, Sabine Hocking, Emma Amoo, Michael Escutia, Carlota |
author_sort |
Thompson, Nick |
title |
Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition |
title_short |
Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition |
title_full |
Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition |
title_fullStr |
Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition |
title_sort |
vegetation change across the drake passage region linked to late eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the eocene-oligocene transition |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/359479 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-49.500,-49.500,-62.250,-62.250) |
geographic |
Antarctic Drake Passage Powell Basin Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Drake Passage Powell Basin Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Weddell Sea |
op_relation |
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CTM2014-60451-C2-1-P/ES/LOS PASOS OCEANICOS DE TASMANIA Y DRAKE Y LA CORRIENTE CIRCUMPOLAR ANTARTICA: ORIGEN, EVOLUCION Y SUS EFECTOS EN EL CLIMA Y LA DINAMICA DEL CASQUETE GLACIAR ANTARTICO/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CTM2014-60451-C2-2-P/ES/EVOLUCION GEODINAMICA DE LOS PASOS OCEANICOS DE TASMANIA Y DRAKE: CORRELACION TECTONICA TIERRA-MAR DE LOS MARGENES CONTINENTALES Y LAS CUENCAS OCEANICAS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CTM2017-89711-C2-1-P/ES/EVENTOS TECTONICOS Y OCEANOGRAFICOS EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA CORRIENTE CIRCUMPOLAR ANTARTICA (ACC) Y SU RELACION CON LA EVOLUCION PALEOCLIMATICA Y DEL CASQUETE DE HIELOS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CTM2017-89711-C2-2-P/ES/PRINCIPALES PROCESOS TECTONICOS INVOLUCRADOS EN EL INICIO Y EVOLUCION DE LA CORRIENTE CIRCUMPOLAR ANTARTICA (ACC): DESARROLLO DE MARGENES CONTINENTALES Y CUENCAS OCEANICAS/ Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 Sí doi:10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 issn: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past 18: 209-232 (2022) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/359479 |
op_rights |
open |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
209 |
op_container_end_page |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/359479 2024-06-23T07:47:51+00:00 Vegetation change across the Drake Passage region linked to late Eocene cooling and glacial disturbance after the Eocene-Oligocene transition Thompson, Nick Salzmann, Ulrich López-Quirós, Adrián Bijl, Peter K. Hoem, Frida S. Etourneau, Johan Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine Roignant, Sabine Hocking, Emma Amoo, Michael Escutia, Carlota Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) European Commission European Research Council Natural Environment Research Council (UK) 2022 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/359479 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 unknown Copernicus Publications European Geosciences Union #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CTM2014-60451-C2-1-P/ES/LOS PASOS OCEANICOS DE TASMANIA Y DRAKE Y LA CORRIENTE CIRCUMPOLAR ANTARTICA: ORIGEN, EVOLUCION Y SUS EFECTOS EN EL CLIMA Y LA DINAMICA DEL CASQUETE GLACIAR ANTARTICO/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CTM2014-60451-C2-2-P/ES/EVOLUCION GEODINAMICA DE LOS PASOS OCEANICOS DE TASMANIA Y DRAKE: CORRELACION TECTONICA TIERRA-MAR DE LOS MARGENES CONTINENTALES Y LAS CUENCAS OCEANICAS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CTM2017-89711-C2-1-P/ES/EVENTOS TECTONICOS Y OCEANOGRAFICOS EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA CORRIENTE CIRCUMPOLAR ANTARTICA (ACC) Y SU RELACION CON LA EVOLUCION PALEOCLIMATICA Y DEL CASQUETE DE HIELOS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CTM2017-89711-C2-2-P/ES/PRINCIPALES PROCESOS TECTONICOS INVOLUCRADOS EN EL INICIO Y EVOLUCION DE LA CORRIENTE CIRCUMPOLAR ANTARTICA (ACC): DESARROLLO DE MARGENES CONTINENTALES Y CUENCAS OCEANICAS/ Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 Sí doi:10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 issn: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past 18: 209-232 (2022) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/359479 open Cooling Eocene Eocene-Oligocene boundary Glacial environment Paleoclimate Paleoenvironment Vegetation history artículo 2022 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022 2024-06-04T23:53:00Z The role and climatic impact of the opening of the Drake Passage and how it affected both marine and terrestrial environments across the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT ∼34 Ma) period remains poorly understood. Here we present new terrestrial palynomorph data compared with recently compiled lipid biomarker (n-alkane) data from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 113, Site 696, drilled on the margin of the South Orkney Microcontinent (SOM) in the Weddell Sea, to investigate changes in terrestrial environments and palaeoclimate across the late Eocene and early Oligocene (∼37.6-32.2 Ma). Early late Eocene floras and sporomorph-based climate estimates reveal Nothofagus-dominated forests growing under wet temperate conditions, with mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) around 12 C and 1802 mm respectively. A phase of latest Eocene terrestrial cooling at 35.5 Ma reveals a decrease in MAT by around 1.4 C possibly linked to the opening of the Powell Basin. This is followed by an increase in reworked Mesozoic sporomorphs together with sedimentological evidence indicating ice expansion to coastal and shelf areas approximately 34.1 Myr ago. However, major changes to the terrestrial vegetation at Site 696 did not take place until the early Oligocene, where there is a distinct expansion of gymnosperms and cryptogams accompanied by a rapid increase in taxon diversity and a shift in terrestrial biomarkers reflecting a change from temperate forests to cool temperate forests following 33.5 Ma. This surprising expansion of gymnosperms and cryptogams is suggested to be linked to environmental disturbance caused by repeat glacial expansion and retreat, which facilitated the proliferation of conifers and ferns. The timing of glacial onset at Site 696 is linked to the global cooling at the EOT, yet the latest Eocene regional cooling cannot directly be linked to the observed vegetation changes. Therefore, our vegetation record provides further evidence that the opening of the Drake Passage and Antarctic glaciation were ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Weddell Sea Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Antarctic Drake Passage Powell Basin ENVELOPE(-49.500,-49.500,-62.250,-62.250) Weddell Weddell Sea Climate of the Past 18 2 209 232 |