Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees
34 p.-7 fig.-2 tab. Drought-induced mortality is a major direct effect of climate change on tree health, but drought can also affect trees indirectly by altering their susceptibility to pathogens. Here, we report how a combination of mild or severe drought and pathogen infection affected the growth,...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353436 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/353436 2024-05-12T08:06:03+00:00 Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees Krokene, Paal Børja, I. Carneros, Elena Eldhuse, T.D. Nagy, N.E. Volarík, Daniel Gebauer, Roman Norwegian Financial Mechanism Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic) Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Universidad Complutense de Madrid Krokene, Paal Carneros, Elena Volarík, Daniel Gebauer, Roman 2023-05 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353436 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 en eng Preprint https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 Sí Tree Physiology 43 (9) 1603-1618 (2023) 1758-4469 0829-318X http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353436 doi:10.1093/treephys/tpad062 open Dehydrins Endoconidiophora polonica Fine roots Needles Picea abies Resistance genes Tracheid structure artículo 2023 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 2024-04-17T14:04:07Z 34 p.-7 fig.-2 tab. Drought-induced mortality is a major direct effect of climate change on tree health, but drought can also affect trees indirectly by altering their susceptibility to pathogens. Here, we report how a combination of mild or severe drought and pathogen infection affected the growth, pathogen resistance and gene expression in potted 5-year-old Norway spruce trees [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. After 5 weeks of drought, trees were inoculated with the fungal pathogen Endoconidiophora polonica. Combined drought–pathogen stress over the next 8 weeks led to significant reductions in the growth of drought-treated trees relative to well-watered trees and more so in trees subjected to severe drought. Belowground, growth of the smallest fine roots was most affected. Aboveground, shoot diameter change was most sensitive to the combined stress, followed by shoot length growth and twig biomass. Both drought-related and some resistance-related genes were upregulated in bark samples collected after 5 weeks of drought (but before pathogen infection), and gene expression levels scaled with the intensity of drought stress. Trees subjected to severe drought were much more susceptible to pathogen infection than well-watered trees or trees subjected to mild drought. Overall, our results show that mild drought stress may increase the tree resistance to pathogen infection by upregulating resistance-related genes. Severe drought stress, on the other hand, decreased tree resistance. Because drought episodes are expected to become more frequent with climate change, combined effects of drought and pathogen stress should be studied in more detail to understand how these stressors interactively influence tree susceptibility to pests and pathogens This work was supported by the Norwegian Financial Mechanism (grant no. A/CZ0046/2/0009), by the Programme Education within EEA Grants 2014-2021 funded by Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway (grant no. EHP-CZ-ICP-3-016), by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Norway Tree Physiology 43 9 1603 1618 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
English |
topic |
Dehydrins Endoconidiophora polonica Fine roots Needles Picea abies Resistance genes Tracheid structure |
spellingShingle |
Dehydrins Endoconidiophora polonica Fine roots Needles Picea abies Resistance genes Tracheid structure Krokene, Paal Børja, I. Carneros, Elena Eldhuse, T.D. Nagy, N.E. Volarík, Daniel Gebauer, Roman Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees |
topic_facet |
Dehydrins Endoconidiophora polonica Fine roots Needles Picea abies Resistance genes Tracheid structure |
description |
34 p.-7 fig.-2 tab. Drought-induced mortality is a major direct effect of climate change on tree health, but drought can also affect trees indirectly by altering their susceptibility to pathogens. Here, we report how a combination of mild or severe drought and pathogen infection affected the growth, pathogen resistance and gene expression in potted 5-year-old Norway spruce trees [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. After 5 weeks of drought, trees were inoculated with the fungal pathogen Endoconidiophora polonica. Combined drought–pathogen stress over the next 8 weeks led to significant reductions in the growth of drought-treated trees relative to well-watered trees and more so in trees subjected to severe drought. Belowground, growth of the smallest fine roots was most affected. Aboveground, shoot diameter change was most sensitive to the combined stress, followed by shoot length growth and twig biomass. Both drought-related and some resistance-related genes were upregulated in bark samples collected after 5 weeks of drought (but before pathogen infection), and gene expression levels scaled with the intensity of drought stress. Trees subjected to severe drought were much more susceptible to pathogen infection than well-watered trees or trees subjected to mild drought. Overall, our results show that mild drought stress may increase the tree resistance to pathogen infection by upregulating resistance-related genes. Severe drought stress, on the other hand, decreased tree resistance. Because drought episodes are expected to become more frequent with climate change, combined effects of drought and pathogen stress should be studied in more detail to understand how these stressors interactively influence tree susceptibility to pests and pathogens This work was supported by the Norwegian Financial Mechanism (grant no. A/CZ0046/2/0009), by the Programme Education within EEA Grants 2014-2021 funded by Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway (grant no. EHP-CZ-ICP-3-016), by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech ... |
author2 |
Norwegian Financial Mechanism Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic) Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Universidad Complutense de Madrid Krokene, Paal Carneros, Elena Volarík, Daniel Gebauer, Roman |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Krokene, Paal Børja, I. Carneros, Elena Eldhuse, T.D. Nagy, N.E. Volarík, Daniel Gebauer, Roman |
author_facet |
Krokene, Paal Børja, I. Carneros, Elena Eldhuse, T.D. Nagy, N.E. Volarík, Daniel Gebauer, Roman |
author_sort |
Krokene, Paal |
title |
Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees |
title_short |
Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees |
title_full |
Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees |
title_fullStr |
Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young Norway spruce trees |
title_sort |
effects of combined drought and pathogen stress on growth, resistance, and gene expression in young norway spruce trees |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353436 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
Preprint https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 Sí Tree Physiology 43 (9) 1603-1618 (2023) 1758-4469 0829-318X http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353436 doi:10.1093/treephys/tpad062 |
op_rights |
open |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad062 |
container_title |
Tree Physiology |
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43 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1603 |
op_container_end_page |
1618 |
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1798848468223000576 |