Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis
The extreme wave height distribution in the Caribbean Sea is studied using a new method based on the maximum basin-wide aggregate of significant wave height, Hs, values per month. Besides, by means of the Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) technique, we identify coherent geographical regions with similar ex...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media
2023
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353215 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100008975 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006021 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002830 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85181221991 |
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Open Polar |
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Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
English |
topic |
Extreme wave regionalization AMM AMO Caribbean Sea waves CLLJ ENSO Extreme wave climate NAO |
spellingShingle |
Extreme wave regionalization AMM AMO Caribbean Sea waves CLLJ ENSO Extreme wave climate NAO Morales-Márquez, Verónica Cáceres-Euse, Alejandro Hernández-Carrasco, Ismael Molcard, Anne Orfila, Alejandro Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
topic_facet |
Extreme wave regionalization AMM AMO Caribbean Sea waves CLLJ ENSO Extreme wave climate NAO |
description |
The extreme wave height distribution in the Caribbean Sea is studied using a new method based on the maximum basin-wide aggregate of significant wave height, Hs, values per month. Besides, by means of the Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) technique, we identify coherent geographical regions with similar extreme wave height variability in the Caribbean Sea. Our findings revealed three primary regions: the eastern side with comparatively lower values, the central region with intermediate values, and the western side with the highest extreme wave heights. The study also examines the wind forcing conditions driving the spatial and temporal variability of the extreme waves, highlighting the influence of the low-pressure belt dynamics as well as the role played by the Caribbean Low-Level Jet (CLLJ) index, and the impact of cold fronts and hurricanes on extreme wave heights. Additionally, we explore the relationship between the extreme wave height distribution and climatic indices, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Oceanic Niño (ONI). The results reveal that the spatial distribution of extreme wave heights in the Caribbean Sea is mostly ruled by the influence of the CLLJ, with correlations close to 80%. In addition, significant correlations were observed between the extreme wave heights and the ENSO in the central Caribbean, as well as positive correlations between the extreme wave heights and NAO in the eastern part of the basin, and significant values of correlation with the negative phases of AMO and AMM in the whole basin. We show that, unlike conventional (or broadly used) methods deployed to identify extreme wave height, such as percentile 99th, (Formula presented.), our methodology allows a further assessment of the wind and climate forcing conditions associated with the extreme wave events. Although, we acknowledge that the method here presented has limitations to capture extreme wave height outliers, it has the ... |
author2 |
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) Direction Générale de l'Armement (France) Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) European Commission Universidad de Las Islas Baleares |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Morales-Márquez, Verónica Cáceres-Euse, Alejandro Hernández-Carrasco, Ismael Molcard, Anne Orfila, Alejandro |
author_facet |
Morales-Márquez, Verónica Cáceres-Euse, Alejandro Hernández-Carrasco, Ismael Molcard, Anne Orfila, Alejandro |
author_sort |
Morales-Márquez, Verónica |
title |
Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
title_short |
Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
title_full |
Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
title_fullStr |
Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
title_sort |
extreme waves in the caribbean sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353215 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100008975 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006021 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002830 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85181221991 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-123352OB-C31/ES/TRANSPORTE LAGRANGIANO DE BASURAS MARINAS Y MICROPLASTICOS EN AGUAS COSTERAS: MODELIZACION, DEPENDENCIA DE ESCALA Y DESCRIPTORES DE FRENTES. LAMARCA-MODS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//TED2021-130949B-I00 Publisher's version The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 Morales-Márquez, Verónica; Cáceres-Euse, Alejandro; Hernández-Carrasco, Ismael; Molcard, Anne; Orfila, Alejandro; 2023; Car-EWaves: Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea from 1958 to 2017 [Dataset]; Zenodo; Version 1; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8296629 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 Sí Frontiers in Marine Science 10: 1294189 (2023) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353215 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 2296-7745 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008975 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006021 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002830 2-s2.0-85181221991 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85181221991 |
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.129418910.13039/50110000897510.13039/50110000602110.13039/50110000078010.13039/50110000483710.13039/50110000166510.13039/50110001103310.13039/50110000283010.5281/zenodo.8296629 |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/353215 2024-06-23T07:55:19+00:00 Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea: spatial regionalization and long-term analysis Morales-Márquez, Verónica Cáceres-Euse, Alejandro Hernández-Carrasco, Ismael Molcard, Anne Orfila, Alejandro Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) Direction Générale de l'Armement (France) Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) European Commission Universidad de Las Islas Baleares 2023-12-20 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353215 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100008975 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006021 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002830 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85181221991 en eng Frontiers Media #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-123352OB-C31/ES/TRANSPORTE LAGRANGIANO DE BASURAS MARINAS Y MICROPLASTICOS EN AGUAS COSTERAS: MODELIZACION, DEPENDENCIA DE ESCALA Y DESCRIPTORES DE FRENTES. LAMARCA-MODS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//TED2021-130949B-I00 Publisher's version The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 Morales-Márquez, Verónica; Cáceres-Euse, Alejandro; Hernández-Carrasco, Ismael; Molcard, Anne; Orfila, Alejandro; 2023; Car-EWaves: Extreme waves in the Caribbean Sea from 1958 to 2017 [Dataset]; Zenodo; Version 1; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8296629 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 Sí Frontiers in Marine Science 10: 1294189 (2023) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/353215 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1294189 2296-7745 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008975 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006021 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002830 2-s2.0-85181221991 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85181221991 open Extreme wave regionalization AMM AMO Caribbean Sea waves CLLJ ENSO Extreme wave climate NAO artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2023 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.129418910.13039/50110000897510.13039/50110000602110.13039/50110000078010.13039/50110000483710.13039/50110000166510.13039/50110001103310.13039/50110000283010.5281/zenodo.8296629 2024-05-29T00:07:14Z The extreme wave height distribution in the Caribbean Sea is studied using a new method based on the maximum basin-wide aggregate of significant wave height, Hs, values per month. Besides, by means of the Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) technique, we identify coherent geographical regions with similar extreme wave height variability in the Caribbean Sea. Our findings revealed three primary regions: the eastern side with comparatively lower values, the central region with intermediate values, and the western side with the highest extreme wave heights. The study also examines the wind forcing conditions driving the spatial and temporal variability of the extreme waves, highlighting the influence of the low-pressure belt dynamics as well as the role played by the Caribbean Low-Level Jet (CLLJ) index, and the impact of cold fronts and hurricanes on extreme wave heights. Additionally, we explore the relationship between the extreme wave height distribution and climatic indices, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Oceanic Niño (ONI). The results reveal that the spatial distribution of extreme wave heights in the Caribbean Sea is mostly ruled by the influence of the CLLJ, with correlations close to 80%. In addition, significant correlations were observed between the extreme wave heights and the ENSO in the central Caribbean, as well as positive correlations between the extreme wave heights and NAO in the eastern part of the basin, and significant values of correlation with the negative phases of AMO and AMM in the whole basin. We show that, unlike conventional (or broadly used) methods deployed to identify extreme wave height, such as percentile 99th, (Formula presented.), our methodology allows a further assessment of the wind and climate forcing conditions associated with the extreme wave events. Although, we acknowledge that the method here presented has limitations to capture extreme wave height outliers, it has the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |