Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica
We report the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in seawater and air, and the air-sea dynamics through diffusive exchange analysis in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, between November 2019 and January 30, 2020. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was the m...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2024
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340528 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168323 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85178494545 |
id |
ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/340528 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
English |
topic |
Snow amplification Antarctica Biodegradation Human impacts Legacy POPs http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Protect restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems sustainably manage forests combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss |
spellingShingle |
Snow amplification Antarctica Biodegradation Human impacts Legacy POPs http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Protect restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems sustainably manage forests combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss Luarte, Thais Hirmas-Olivares, Andrea Höfer, Juan Giesecke, Ricardo Mestre, Mireia Guajardo-Leiva, Sergio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Pérez-Parada, Andrés Chiang, Gustavo Lohmann, Rainer Dachs, Jordi Nash, Susan Bengtson Pulgar, José Pozo, Karla Přibylová, Petra P. Martiník, Jakub Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Snow amplification Antarctica Biodegradation Human impacts Legacy POPs http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Protect restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems sustainably manage forests combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss |
description |
We report the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in seawater and air, and the air-sea dynamics through diffusive exchange analysis in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, between November 2019 and January 30, 2020. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was the most abundant compound in both air and seawater with concentrations around 39 ± 2.1 pg m-3 and 3.2 ± 2.4 pg L-1 respectively. The most abundant PCB congener was PCB 11, with a mean of 3.16 ± 3.7 pg m-3 in air and 2.0 ± 1.1 pg L-1 in seawater. The fugacity gradient estimated for the OCP compounds indicate a predominance of net atmospheric deposition for HCB, α-HCH, γ-HCH, 4,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDE and close to equilibrium for the PeCB compound. The observed deposition of some OCs may be driven by high biodegradation rates and/or settling fluxes decreasing the concentration of these compounds in surface waters, which is supported by the capacity of microbial consortium to degrade some of these compounds. The estimated fugacity gradients for PCBs showed differences between congeners, with net volatilization predominating for PCB-9, a trend close to equilibrium for PCB congeners 11, 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, and 153, and deposition for PCB 180. Snow amplification may play an important role for less hydrophobic PCBs, with volatilization predominating after snow/glacier melting. As hydrophobicity increases, the biological pump decreases the concentration of PCBs in seawater, reversing the fugacity gradient to atmospheric deposition. This study highlights the potential impacts of climate change, through glacier retreat, on the biogeochemistry of POPs, remobilizing those compounds previously trapped within the cryosphere which in turn will transform the Antarctic cryosphere into a secondary source of the more volatile POPs in coastal areas, influenced by snow and ice melting. This study was funded by ANID/FONDECYT/Regular 1161504 (KP), ANID/FONDECYT/Regular 1210946 (CGM), ANID-PIA-INACH-ACT192057 (CGM, ECN), INACH REGULAR RT_12_17 ... |
author2 |
European Commission Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Luarte, Thais Hirmas-Olivares, Andrea Höfer, Juan Giesecke, Ricardo Mestre, Mireia Guajardo-Leiva, Sergio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Pérez-Parada, Andrés Chiang, Gustavo Lohmann, Rainer Dachs, Jordi Nash, Susan Bengtson Pulgar, José Pozo, Karla Přibylová, Petra P. Martiník, Jakub Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal |
author_facet |
Luarte, Thais Hirmas-Olivares, Andrea Höfer, Juan Giesecke, Ricardo Mestre, Mireia Guajardo-Leiva, Sergio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Pérez-Parada, Andrés Chiang, Gustavo Lohmann, Rainer Dachs, Jordi Nash, Susan Bengtson Pulgar, José Pozo, Karla Přibylová, Petra P. Martiník, Jakub Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal |
author_sort |
Luarte, Thais |
title |
Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica |
title_short |
Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica |
title_full |
Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica |
title_sort |
occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (ocps) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in fildes bay, king george island, antarctica |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340528 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168323 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85178494545 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-58.817,-58.817,-62.217,-62.217) ENVELOPE(-60.783,-60.783,-62.467,-62.467) |
geographic |
Antarctic Fildes Inach King George Island The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Fildes Inach King George Island The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica King George Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica King George Island |
op_relation |
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/857560 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 The Science of the total environment Postprint Sí Science of The Total Environment 908: 168323 (2023) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340528 doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168323 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 37949125 2-s2.0-85178494545 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85178494545 |
op_rights |
embargo_20251210 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.16832310.13039/50110000078010.13039/501100004837 |
_version_ |
1802651811169959936 |
spelling |
ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/340528 2024-06-23T07:47:40+00:00 Occurrence and diffusive air-seawater exchanges of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica Luarte, Thais Hirmas-Olivares, Andrea Höfer, Juan Giesecke, Ricardo Mestre, Mireia Guajardo-Leiva, Sergio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Pérez-Parada, Andrés Chiang, Gustavo Lohmann, Rainer Dachs, Jordi Nash, Susan Bengtson Pulgar, José Pozo, Karla Přibylová, Petra P. Martiník, Jakub Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal European Commission Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) 2024-01-15 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340528 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168323 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85178494545 en eng Elsevier #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/857560 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 The Science of the total environment Postprint Sí Science of The Total Environment 908: 168323 (2023) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340528 doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168323 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 37949125 2-s2.0-85178494545 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85178494545 embargo_20251210 Snow amplification Antarctica Biodegradation Human impacts Legacy POPs http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Protect restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems sustainably manage forests combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2024 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.16832310.13039/50110000078010.13039/501100004837 2024-05-29T00:05:22Z We report the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in seawater and air, and the air-sea dynamics through diffusive exchange analysis in Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, between November 2019 and January 30, 2020. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was the most abundant compound in both air and seawater with concentrations around 39 ± 2.1 pg m-3 and 3.2 ± 2.4 pg L-1 respectively. The most abundant PCB congener was PCB 11, with a mean of 3.16 ± 3.7 pg m-3 in air and 2.0 ± 1.1 pg L-1 in seawater. The fugacity gradient estimated for the OCP compounds indicate a predominance of net atmospheric deposition for HCB, α-HCH, γ-HCH, 4,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDE and close to equilibrium for the PeCB compound. The observed deposition of some OCs may be driven by high biodegradation rates and/or settling fluxes decreasing the concentration of these compounds in surface waters, which is supported by the capacity of microbial consortium to degrade some of these compounds. The estimated fugacity gradients for PCBs showed differences between congeners, with net volatilization predominating for PCB-9, a trend close to equilibrium for PCB congeners 11, 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, and 153, and deposition for PCB 180. Snow amplification may play an important role for less hydrophobic PCBs, with volatilization predominating after snow/glacier melting. As hydrophobicity increases, the biological pump decreases the concentration of PCBs in seawater, reversing the fugacity gradient to atmospheric deposition. This study highlights the potential impacts of climate change, through glacier retreat, on the biogeochemistry of POPs, remobilizing those compounds previously trapped within the cryosphere which in turn will transform the Antarctic cryosphere into a secondary source of the more volatile POPs in coastal areas, influenced by snow and ice melting. This study was funded by ANID/FONDECYT/Regular 1161504 (KP), ANID/FONDECYT/Regular 1210946 (CGM), ANID-PIA-INACH-ACT192057 (CGM, ECN), INACH REGULAR RT_12_17 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica King George Island Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Antarctic Fildes ENVELOPE(-58.817,-58.817,-62.217,-62.217) Inach ENVELOPE(-60.783,-60.783,-62.467,-62.467) King George Island The Antarctic |