Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are synthetic compounds that were intentionally produced in large quantities and have been distributed in the global environment, originating a threat due to their persistence, bioaccumulative potential, and toxicity. POPs reach the Antarctic continent through lo...
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/335230 2024-06-23T07:46:12+00:00 Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives Luarte, Thais Gómez-Aburto, Victoria A. Poblete-Castro, Ignacio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Hunneus, Nicolas Molina-Montenegro, Marco Egas, Claudia Azcune, Germán Pérez-Parada, Andrés Lohmann, Rainier Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla Dachs, Jordi Bengtson-Nash, Susan Chiang, Gustavo Pozo, Karla Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal orcid: 2023-07-19 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/335230 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85169897025 en eng European Geosciences Union Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Publisher's version https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 Sí Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23: 14 (2023) 16807316 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/335230 doi:10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 2-s2.0-85169897025 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85169897025 open Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) Antarctic atmosphere http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2023 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 2024-05-29T00:04:22Z Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are synthetic compounds that were intentionally produced in large quantities and have been distributed in the global environment, originating a threat due to their persistence, bioaccumulative potential, and toxicity. POPs reach the Antarctic continent through long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT). In these areas, low temperatures play a significant role in the environmental fate of POPs, retaining them for a long time due to cold trapping by diffusion and wet deposition, acting as a net sink for many POPs. However, in the current context of climate change, the remobilization of POPs that were trapped in water, ice, and soil for decades is happening. Therefore, continuous monitoring of POPs in polar air is necessary to assess whether there is a recent re-release of historical pollutants back to the environment. We reviewed the scientific literature on atmospheric levels of several POP families (polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs, hexachlorobenzene - HCB, hexachlorocyclohexanes - HCHs, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane - DDT) from 1980 to 2021. We estimated the atmospheric half-life using characteristic decreasing times (TD). We observed that HCB levels in the Antarctic atmosphere were higher than the other target organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), but HCB also displayed higher fluctuations and did not show a significant decrease over time. Conversely, the atmospheric levels of HCHs, some DDTs, and PCBs have decreased significantly. The estimated atmospheric half-lives for POPs decreased in the following order: 4,4' DDE (13.5 years) > 4,4' DDD (12.8 years) > 4,4' DDT (7.4 years) > 2,4' DDE (6.4 years) > 2,4' DDT (6.3 years) > α-HCH (6 years) > HCB (6 years) > 3-HCH (4.2 years). For PCB congeners, they decreased in the following order: PCB 153 (7.6 years) > PCB 138 (6.5 years) > PCB 101 (4.7 years) > PCB 180 (4.6 years) > PCB 28 (4 years) > PCB 52 (3.7 years) > PCB 118 (3.6 years). For HCH isomers and PCBs, the Stockholm Convention (SC) ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Antarctic The Antarctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23 14 8103 8118 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
English |
topic |
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) Antarctic atmosphere http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages |
spellingShingle |
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) Antarctic atmosphere http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages Luarte, Thais Gómez-Aburto, Victoria A. Poblete-Castro, Ignacio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Hunneus, Nicolas Molina-Montenegro, Marco Egas, Claudia Azcune, Germán Pérez-Parada, Andrés Lohmann, Rainier Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla Dachs, Jordi Bengtson-Nash, Susan Chiang, Gustavo Pozo, Karla Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
topic_facet |
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) Antarctic atmosphere http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages |
description |
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are synthetic compounds that were intentionally produced in large quantities and have been distributed in the global environment, originating a threat due to their persistence, bioaccumulative potential, and toxicity. POPs reach the Antarctic continent through long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT). In these areas, low temperatures play a significant role in the environmental fate of POPs, retaining them for a long time due to cold trapping by diffusion and wet deposition, acting as a net sink for many POPs. However, in the current context of climate change, the remobilization of POPs that were trapped in water, ice, and soil for decades is happening. Therefore, continuous monitoring of POPs in polar air is necessary to assess whether there is a recent re-release of historical pollutants back to the environment. We reviewed the scientific literature on atmospheric levels of several POP families (polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs, hexachlorobenzene - HCB, hexachlorocyclohexanes - HCHs, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane - DDT) from 1980 to 2021. We estimated the atmospheric half-life using characteristic decreasing times (TD). We observed that HCB levels in the Antarctic atmosphere were higher than the other target organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), but HCB also displayed higher fluctuations and did not show a significant decrease over time. Conversely, the atmospheric levels of HCHs, some DDTs, and PCBs have decreased significantly. The estimated atmospheric half-lives for POPs decreased in the following order: 4,4' DDE (13.5 years) > 4,4' DDD (12.8 years) > 4,4' DDT (7.4 years) > 2,4' DDE (6.4 years) > 2,4' DDT (6.3 years) > α-HCH (6 years) > HCB (6 years) > 3-HCH (4.2 years). For PCB congeners, they decreased in the following order: PCB 153 (7.6 years) > PCB 138 (6.5 years) > PCB 101 (4.7 years) > PCB 180 (4.6 years) > PCB 28 (4 years) > PCB 52 (3.7 years) > PCB 118 (3.6 years). For HCH isomers and PCBs, the Stockholm Convention (SC) ... |
author2 |
orcid: |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Luarte, Thais Gómez-Aburto, Victoria A. Poblete-Castro, Ignacio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Hunneus, Nicolas Molina-Montenegro, Marco Egas, Claudia Azcune, Germán Pérez-Parada, Andrés Lohmann, Rainier Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla Dachs, Jordi Bengtson-Nash, Susan Chiang, Gustavo Pozo, Karla Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal |
author_facet |
Luarte, Thais Gómez-Aburto, Victoria A. Poblete-Castro, Ignacio Castro-Nallar, Eduardo Hunneus, Nicolas Molina-Montenegro, Marco Egas, Claudia Azcune, Germán Pérez-Parada, Andrés Lohmann, Rainier Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla Dachs, Jordi Bengtson-Nash, Susan Chiang, Gustavo Pozo, Karla Galbán-Malagón, Cristóbal |
author_sort |
Luarte, Thais |
title |
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
title_short |
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
title_full |
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
title_fullStr |
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
title_full_unstemmed |
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
title_sort |
levels of persistent organic pollutants (pops) in the antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/335230 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85169897025 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Publisher's version https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 Sí Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23: 14 (2023) 16807316 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/335230 doi:10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 2-s2.0-85169897025 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85169897025 |
op_rights |
open |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
8103 |
op_container_end_page |
8118 |
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1802644490114039808 |