Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean
The organic carbon resulting from photosynthesis in the upper ocean is transferred downward through the passive sinking of organic particles, physical mixing of particulate and dissolved organic carbon as well as active flux transported by zooplanktonic and micronektonic migrants. Several meso- and...
Published in: | Progress in Oceanography |
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2022
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10508/15672 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/317431 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 |
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ftcsic:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/317431 2024-02-11T10:05:15+01:00 Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean Sarmiento-Lezcano, Airam Olivar, María Pilar Peña, Marian Landeira, Jose Armengol, Laia Medina-Suarez, Ione Castellón, Arturo Hernández-León, Santiago 2022-04 http://hdl.handle.net/10508/15672 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/317431 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 en eng Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares AM https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079661122000489 Progress in Oceanography, 203(4). 2022: 102787-102787 0079-6611 http://hdl.handle.net/10508/15672 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/317431 doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 50009 open Cyclothone Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares Medio Marino Argyropelecus Non-migrant micronekton Respiration rates fish carbon research article 2022 ftcsic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 2024-01-16T11:44:44Z The organic carbon resulting from photosynthesis in the upper ocean is transferred downward through the passive sinking of organic particles, physical mixing of particulate and dissolved organic carbon as well as active flux transported by zooplanktonic and micronektonic migrants. Several meso- and bathypelagic organisms feed in shallower layers during the nighttime and respire, defecate, excrete and die at depth. Recent studies suggest that migrant micronekton transport similar amounts of carbon to migrant zooplankton. However, there is scarce information about biomass and carbon flux by non-migratory species in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones. The non-migratory bristlemouth fishes (Cyclothone spp.) and partial migrator (A. hemigymnus) remineralise organic carbon at depth, and knowledge about this process by this fauna is lacking despite them having been referred to as the most abundant vertebrates on Earth. Here we show the vertical distribution of biomass and respiration of non-migratory mesopelagic fishes, during day and night, using the enzymatic activity of the electron transfer system (ETS) as a proxy for respiration rates. The study is focused on five Cyclothone species (C. braueri, C. pseudopallida, C. pallida, C. livida and C. microdon) and Argyropelecus hemigymnus. The samples were taken on a transect from the oceanic upwelling off Northwest Africa (20° N, 20° W) to the south of Iceland (60° N, 20° W). Cyclothone spp. showed, by far, the largest biomass (126.90 ± 86.20 mg C·m⁻²) compared to A. hemigymnus (0.54 ± 0.44 mg C·m⁻²). The highest concentrations of Cyclothone spp. in the water column were observed between 400 and 600 m and from 1000 to 1500 m depths, both during day and night. For the different species analysed, ETS activity did not show significant differences between diurnal and nocturnal periods. The total average specific respiration of Cyclothone spp. (0.02 ± 0.01 d⁻¹) was lower than that observed for A. hemigymnus (0.05±0.02 d⁻¹). The average carbon respiration of Cyclothone spp. ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Northeast Atlantic Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) Progress in Oceanography 203 102787 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) |
op_collection_id |
ftcsic |
language |
English |
topic |
Cyclothone Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares Medio Marino Argyropelecus Non-migrant micronekton Respiration rates fish carbon |
spellingShingle |
Cyclothone Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares Medio Marino Argyropelecus Non-migrant micronekton Respiration rates fish carbon Sarmiento-Lezcano, Airam Olivar, María Pilar Peña, Marian Landeira, Jose Armengol, Laia Medina-Suarez, Ione Castellón, Arturo Hernández-León, Santiago Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean |
topic_facet |
Cyclothone Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares Medio Marino Argyropelecus Non-migrant micronekton Respiration rates fish carbon |
description |
The organic carbon resulting from photosynthesis in the upper ocean is transferred downward through the passive sinking of organic particles, physical mixing of particulate and dissolved organic carbon as well as active flux transported by zooplanktonic and micronektonic migrants. Several meso- and bathypelagic organisms feed in shallower layers during the nighttime and respire, defecate, excrete and die at depth. Recent studies suggest that migrant micronekton transport similar amounts of carbon to migrant zooplankton. However, there is scarce information about biomass and carbon flux by non-migratory species in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones. The non-migratory bristlemouth fishes (Cyclothone spp.) and partial migrator (A. hemigymnus) remineralise organic carbon at depth, and knowledge about this process by this fauna is lacking despite them having been referred to as the most abundant vertebrates on Earth. Here we show the vertical distribution of biomass and respiration of non-migratory mesopelagic fishes, during day and night, using the enzymatic activity of the electron transfer system (ETS) as a proxy for respiration rates. The study is focused on five Cyclothone species (C. braueri, C. pseudopallida, C. pallida, C. livida and C. microdon) and Argyropelecus hemigymnus. The samples were taken on a transect from the oceanic upwelling off Northwest Africa (20° N, 20° W) to the south of Iceland (60° N, 20° W). Cyclothone spp. showed, by far, the largest biomass (126.90 ± 86.20 mg C·m⁻²) compared to A. hemigymnus (0.54 ± 0.44 mg C·m⁻²). The highest concentrations of Cyclothone spp. in the water column were observed between 400 and 600 m and from 1000 to 1500 m depths, both during day and night. For the different species analysed, ETS activity did not show significant differences between diurnal and nocturnal periods. The total average specific respiration of Cyclothone spp. (0.02 ± 0.01 d⁻¹) was lower than that observed for A. hemigymnus (0.05±0.02 d⁻¹). The average carbon respiration of Cyclothone spp. ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarmiento-Lezcano, Airam Olivar, María Pilar Peña, Marian Landeira, Jose Armengol, Laia Medina-Suarez, Ione Castellón, Arturo Hernández-León, Santiago |
author_facet |
Sarmiento-Lezcano, Airam Olivar, María Pilar Peña, Marian Landeira, Jose Armengol, Laia Medina-Suarez, Ione Castellón, Arturo Hernández-León, Santiago |
author_sort |
Sarmiento-Lezcano, Airam |
title |
Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic Stomiiforms in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
carbon remineralization by small mesopelagic and bathypelagic stomiiforms in the northeast atlantic ocean |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10508/15672 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/317431 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 |
genre |
Iceland Northeast Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Iceland Northeast Atlantic |
op_relation |
Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares AM https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079661122000489 Progress in Oceanography, 203(4). 2022: 102787-102787 0079-6611 http://hdl.handle.net/10508/15672 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/317431 doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 50009 |
op_rights |
open |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102787 |
container_title |
Progress in Oceanography |
container_volume |
203 |
container_start_page |
102787 |
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1790602172646293504 |